Decreasing stand density increases resistance, resilience, and recovery ofQuercus petraeatrees to severe drought (2003), particularly on dry sites, and the effect was independent of tree social status. Controlling competition is an advocated strategy to modulate the response of trees to predicted changes in climate. We investigated the effects of stand density (low, medium, high; relative density index 0.20, 0.53, 1.04), social status (dominant, codominant, suppressed), and water balance (dry, mesic, wet; summer water balance − 182, − 126, − 96 mm) on the climate-growth relationships (1997–2012) and resistance (Rt), resilience (Rs), and recovery (Rc) following the 2003 drought. Basal area increments were collected by coring (269 trees) in young stands (28 ± 7.5 years in 2012) of sessile oak (Quercus petraea) in a French permanent network of silvicultural plots. We showed that the climate-growth relationships depend on average site-level water balance with trees highly dependent on spring and summer droughts on dry and mesic sites and not at all on wet sites. Neither stand density nor social status modulated mean response to climate. Decreasing stand density increased Rt, Rs, and Rc particularly on dry sites. The effect was independent of tree social position within the stand. Reducing stand density mitigates more the effect of extreme drought events on drier sites than on wet sites.

中文翻译：

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降低林分密度有利于 Quercus petraea 树木对严重干旱的抵抗力、恢复力和恢复，特别是在干旱地区

降低林分密度会增加栎属植物对严重干旱（2003 年）的抵抗力、恢复力和恢复能力，尤其是在干旱地区，其影响与树木的社会地位无关。控制竞争是一种提倡的策略，可以调节树木对预测的气候变化的反应。我们调查了林分密度（低、中、高；相对密度指数 0.20、0.53、1.04）、社会地位（优势、共优势、抑制）和水平衡（干、中、湿；夏季水平衡 - 182， − 126, − 96 mm) 在 2003 年干旱之后的气候增长关系（1997-2012）和抗性 (Rt)、复原力 (Rs) 和恢复 (Rc)。通过在年轻林分 (28 ± 7. 5 年（2012 年））在法国永久造林地块网络中的无柄橡树（Quercus petraea）。我们表明，气候-增长关系取决于平均站点水平的水平衡，树木高度依赖干燥和中湿站点的春季和夏季干旱，而在潮湿站点则完全不依赖。林分密度和社会地位都没有调节对气候的平均反应。降低林分密度会增加 Rt、Rs 和 Rc，尤其是在干燥场地。这种效果与看台内树木的社会地位无关。与潮湿地点相比，降低林分密度可以更多地减轻极端干旱事件对干燥地点的影响。林分密度和社会地位都没有调节对气候的平均反应。降低林分密度会增加 Rt、Rs 和 Rc，尤其是在干燥场地。这种效果与看台内树木的社会地位无关。与潮湿地点相比，降低林分密度可以更多地减轻极端干旱事件对干燥地点的影响。林分密度和社会地位都没有调节对气候的平均反应。降低林分密度会增加 Rt、Rs 和 Rc，尤其是在干燥场地。这种效果与看台内树木的社会地位无关。与潮湿地点相比，降低林分密度可以更多地减轻极端干旱事件对干燥地点的影响。