ABSTRACT

Background and objectives: This study investigated the efficacy of guided self-reflection to strengthen resilience in adults over 50 by exploring the effects of the training on mental health and positive emotional outcomes.

Design: A nested clustered-randomized controlled trial was conducted to test the efficacy of the training. Measures occurred at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at four to five months follow-up.

Method: Two samples of participants were recruited. First, older employees from a consumer goods company took part in the clustered-randomized controlled trial. Ninety-three employees (mean age = 54.02 years; 36.56% females) were assigned to the intervention (n = 52) or active control (n = 41) group. Second, older adults from the community (n = 51) were recruited (mean age = 58.63 years; 80.40% female) and assigned to the intervention only.

Results: Improvements were observed in the community sample, compared to the active control group, across a range of wellbeing outcomes. When training engagement was used as a moderator, positive benefits for the corporate intervention group emerged for highly engaged participants. Mediation analyses indicated that stress-as-enhancing mindset, stressor benefit, and coping self-efficacy acted as possible mechanisms for change in primary outcomes.

Conclusions: Findings provide support for the use of guided self-reflection for resilience training with older adults.

摘要

背景和目标：本研究通过探索培训对心理健康和积极情绪结果的影响，调查了引导性自我反思在增强 50 岁以上成年人适应力方面的功效。

设计：进行了一项嵌套的整群随机对照试验来测试培训的效果。措施发生在干预前、干预后和四到五个月的随访中。

方法：招募了两个参与者样本。首先，消费品公司的年长员工参加了整群随机对照试验。93 名员工（平均年龄 = 54.02 岁；36.56% 为女性）被分配到干预组 ( n  = 52) 或主动控制组 ( n  = 41)。其次， 招募了来自社区的老年人 ( n = 51)（平均年龄 = 58.63 岁；80.40% 为女性）并仅分配到干预中。

结果：与主动对照组相比，在社区样本中观察到了一系列福祉结果的改善。当培训参与度被用作主持人时，企业干预组对高度参与的参与者产生了积极的好处。中介分析表明，压力作为增强的心态、压力源的好处和应对自我效能感是改变主要结果的可能机制。

结论：研究结果支持使用引导性自我反思对老年人进行弹性训练。