A sport-related concussion (SRC) results in short- and long-term deficits in oculomotor control; however, it is unclear whether this change reflects executive dysfunction and/or a performance decrement caused by an increase in task-based symptom burden. Here, individuals with a SRC – and age- and sex-matched controls – completed an antisaccade task (i.e., saccade mirror-symmetrical to a target) during the early (initial assessment ≤12 days) and later (follow-up assessment <30 days) stages of recovery. Antisaccades were used because they require top-down executive control and exhibit performance decrements following an SRC. Reaction time (RT) and directional errors were included with pupillometry, because pupil size in the antisaccade task has been shown to provide a neural proxy for executive control. In addition, the Sport-Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT-5) symptom checklist was completed prior to and after each oculomotor assessment to identify a possible task-based increase in symptomology. The SRC group yielded longer initial assessment RTs, more directional errors, and larger task-evoked pupil dilations (TEPD) than the control group. At the follow-up assessment, RTs for the SRC and control group did not reliably differ; however, the former demonstrated more directional errors and larger TEPDs. SCAT-5 symptom severity scores did not vary from the pre- to post-oculomotor evaluation for either initial or follow-up assessments. Accordingly, an SRC imparts a persistent executive dysfunction to oculomotor planning independent of a task-based increase in symptom burden. These findings evince that antisaccades serve as an effective tool to identify subtle executive deficits during the early and later stages of SRC recovery.

中文翻译：

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运动相关脑震荡后的执行功能障碍与基于任务的症状负担无关。

运动相关脑震荡 (SRC) 会导致眼动控制的短期和长期缺陷；然而，尚不清楚这种变化是否反映了执行功能障碍和/或基于任务的症状负担增加导致的绩效下降。在这里，具有 SRC 的个体——以及年龄和性别匹配的对照——在早期（初始评估≤12 天）和后期（后续评估 <30天）恢复阶段。使用 Antisaccades 是因为它们需要自上而下的执行控制并在 SRC 之后表现出性能下降。反应时间 (RT) 和方向误差包含在瞳孔测量中，因为反跳视任务中的瞳孔大小已被证明可以为执行控制提供神经代理。此外，在每次动眼神经评估之前和之后完成运动脑震荡评估工具 (SCAT-5) 症状清单，以确定可能的基于任务的症状增加。与对照组相比，SRC 组产生了更长的初始评估 RT、更多的方向错误和更大的任务诱发的瞳孔扩张 (TEPD)。在后续评估中，SRC 组和对照组的 RT 没有可靠地不同；然而，前者表现出更多的方向误差和更大的 TEPD。对于初始或后续评估，SCAT-5 症状严重程度评分与动眼神经前后评估没有变化。因此，SRC 将持续的执行功能障碍赋予动眼神经计划，而与基于任务的症状负担增加无关。