OBJECTIVES Experiences of racial discrimination are common for Black Americans and have been associated with depression and sleep disturbance, factors likely involved in the insidious development of health disparities. The current study replicates these associations and examines longitudinal linkages. METHOD Black American couples (men: N = 248, Mage = 40, SD = 9; women: N = 277, Mage = 37, SD = 7) and their children, aged 9 to 14 (N = 276, Mage = 11, SD = 1), completed measures of experiences of racial discrimination, depressive symptoms, and sleep problems at baseline and 8-month follow-up. In separate analyses for men, women, and youth, we examined concurrent and prospective associations of racial discrimination with depressive symptoms and sleep problems, then used longitudinal indirect effect models to examine whether depressive symptoms in response to racial discrimination led to increased sleep problems, or vice versa. RESULTS Racial discrimination was associated concurrently with depressive symptoms and sleep problems for all family members. Prospective associations were also found with depressive symptoms and sleep problems in fathers and youth, and sleep problems in mothers. Longitudinal models showed significant indirect effects of racial discrimination on change in sleep problems through depressive symptoms for fathers and mothers, and a similar, but nonsignificant, pattern in youth. There were no indirect effects on change in depressive symptoms through sleep problems. CONCLUSIONS Persistent associations of racial discrimination with depressive symptoms and sleep problems reflect a lasting impact of racial discrimination. Because discrimination's effects on depression may contribute to increased sleep problems over time, interventions that buffer the effects of discrimination on depressive symptoms may also reduce sleep problems. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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南方农村黑人的种族歧视、抑郁症状和睡眠问题。

目标 种族歧视的经历在美国黑人中很常见，并且与抑郁和睡眠障碍有关，这些因素可能与健康差异的潜在发展有关。当前的研究复制了这些关联并检查了纵向联系。方法 美国黑人夫妇（男性：N = 248，法师 = 40，SD = 9；女性：N = 277，法师 = 37，SD = 7）及其 9 至 14 岁的孩子（N = 276，法师 = 11， SD = 1)，在基线和 8 个月的随访中完成了种族歧视经历、抑郁症状和睡眠问题的测量。在针对男性、女性和青年的单独分析中，我们检查了种族歧视与抑郁症状和睡眠问题的并发和预期关联，然后使用纵向间接效应模型来检查响应种族歧视的抑郁症状是否导致睡眠问题增加，反之亦然。结果种族歧视与所有家庭成员的抑郁症状和睡眠问题同时存在。还发现父亲和青年的抑郁症状和睡眠问题以及母亲的睡眠问题与前瞻性关联。纵向模型显示，种族歧视通过父亲和母亲的抑郁症状对睡眠问题的变化产生显着的间接影响，青年人也有类似但不显着的模式。睡眠问题对抑郁症状的改变没有间接影响。结论 种族歧视与抑郁症状和睡眠问题的持续关联反映了种族歧视的持久影响。由于歧视对抑郁症的影响可能会随着时间的推移导致睡眠问题的增加，缓冲歧视对抑郁症状影响的干预措施也可以减少睡眠问题。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。