OBJECTIVES The objective of the present study was to examine longitudinal relations between adolescents' reports of offline (i.e., in-person) ethnic-racial discrimination and adolescents' reports of online ethnic-racial discrimination. METHOD The study was conducted among a sample of 570 African American and Latinx adolescents (58% female; 10-18 years) over three waves of assessments occurring at yearly intervals. Autoregressive cross-lagged analyses examined potential bidirectional relations of offline ethnic-racial discrimination and online ethnic-racial discrimination. RESULTS Results indicated that adolescents' more frequent experiences of offline ethnic-racial discrimination predicted more frequent experiences of online ethnic-racial discrimination across time, but that the opposite direction was not supported. CONCLUSIONS Findings may be used to redefine current theoretical frameworks that assert the bidirectional nature of online and offline experiences, particularly in the domain of ethnic-racial discrimination. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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非裔美国人和拉丁裔青少年线下和线上种族歧视的双向性探索。

目标 本研究的目的是检查青少年在线（即面对面）种族歧视报告与青少年在线种族种族歧视报告之间的纵向关系。方法 该研究是在 570 名非裔美国人和拉丁裔青少年（58% 为女性；10-18 岁）的样本中进行的，每年进行三轮评估。自回归交叉滞后分析检验了线下民族-种族歧视和线上民族-种族歧视之间潜在的双向关系。结果 结果表明，青少年更频繁的线下种族歧视经历预示着随着时间的推移更频繁地经历在线种族歧视，但不支持相反的方向。结论 调查结果可用于重新定义当前的理论框架，这些框架断言在线和离线体验的双向性质，特别是在民族-种族歧视领域。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。