ABSTRACT

Children and adolescents, relative to adults, disproportionately favor smaller, immediate outcomes over larger, delayed outcomes. From a behavioral perspective, this sensitivity toward immediate rewards constitutes impulsive choice, which characterizes numerous behavioral health problems commonly observed during childhood (particularly among individuals with neurobehavioral disabilities). Accordingly, a variety of behavioral technologies have been developed and are widely implemented in applied settings (e.g., self-monitoring programs, interdependent group contingencies, individualized token reinforcement programs) to reduce impulsive responding and promote self-control. Although there is a plethora of research literature detailing these interventions, several promising delay fading procedures may also have clinical utility in applied treatment contexts. The purpose of the present review is to highlight contemporary behavior-analytic research involving delay fading procedures that may increase self-control among children and adolescents and facilitate additional research in the area of self-control.

摘要

与成年人相比，儿童和青少年相对于较大的，延迟的结果，更偏向于较小的立即结果。从行为的角度来看，这种对立即报酬的敏感性构成了冲动性选择，这是儿童时期（尤其是在具有神经行为障碍的个体中）通常观察到的许多行为健康问题的特征。因此，已经开发了多种行为技术，并在应用环境中广泛实施了这些技术（例如，自我监控程序，相互依存的群体突发事件，个性化的令牌强化程序），以减少冲动响应并促进自我控制。尽管有大量研究文献详细介绍了这些干预措施，几种有希望的延迟衰落过程在应用的治疗环境中也可能具有临床实用性。本综述的目的是强调涉及延迟衰落过程的当代行为分析研究，该过程可能会增加儿童和青少年的自我控制，并促进自我控制领域的其他研究。