The purpose of this 3-year prospective cohort study was to explore the relationship between an increase in dental caries and oral microbiome among Japanese university students. We analyzed 487 students who volunteered to receive oral examinations and answer baseline (2013) and follow-up (2016) questionnaires. Of these students, salivary samples were randomly collected from 55 students at follow-up and analyzed using next-generation sequencing. Students were divided into two groups: increased group (Δdecayed, missing, and filled teeth (ΔDMFT) score increased during the 3-year period) and non-increased group (ΔDMFT did not increase). Thirteen phyla, 21 classes, 32 orders, 48 families, 72 genera, and 156 species were identified. Microbial diversity in the increased group (n = 14) was similar to that in the non-increased group (n = 41). Relative abundances of the family Prevotellaceae (p = 0.007) and genera Alloprevotella (p = 0.007) and Dialister (p = 0.039) were enriched in the increased group compared with the non-increased group. Some bacterial taxonomic clades were differentially present between the two groups. These results may contribute to the development of new dental caries prevention strategies, including the development of detection kits and enlightenment activities for these bacteria.

中文翻译：

---

大学生活中的龋齿增量和唾液微生物组：一项前瞻性队列研究。

这项为期3年的前瞻性队列研究的目的是探讨日本大学生龋齿增加与口腔微生物组之间的关系。我们分析了487名自愿接受口试并回答基线（2013）和随访（2016）问卷的学生。在这些学生中，在随访中从55名学生中随机收集唾液样本，并使用下一代测序对其进行分析。将学生分为两组：增加组（在3年期间Δ下降，缺失和填充的牙齿（ΔDMFT）分数增加）和未增加组（ΔDMFT不变）。鉴定出13个门，21个类，32个目，48个科，72属和156种。在增加的组微生物多样性（Ñ= 14）与未增加组（n = 41）相似。家庭的相对丰度Prevotellaceae（p = 0.007）和属Alloprevotella（p = 0.007）和Dialister（p = 0.039）增加的组中的富集与非增加的组相比。两组之间存在一些细菌分类进化枝。这些结果可能有助于开发新的龋齿预防策略，包括开发针对这些细菌的检测试剂盒和启发活动。