The P‐type ATPase CrpA is an important Cu2+/Cd2+ pump in the Aspergilli, significantly contributing to the heavy metal stress tolerance of these ascomycetous fungi. As expected, the deletion of crpA resulted in Cu2+/Cd2+‐sensitive phenotypes in Aspergillus nidulans on stress agar plates inoculated with conidia. Nevertheless, paradoxical growth stimulations were observed with the ΔcrpA strain in both standard Cu2+ stress agar plate experiments and cellophane colony harvest (CCH) cultures, when exposed to Cd2+. These observations reflect efficient compensatory mechanisms for the loss of CrpA operating under these experimental conditions. It is remarkable that the ΔcrpA strain showed a 2.7 times higher Cd biosorption capacity in CCH cultures, which may facilitate the development of new, fungal biomass‐based bioremediation technologies to extract harmful Cd2+ ions from the environment. The nullification of crpA also significantly changed the spatial distribution of Cu and Cd in CCH cultures, as demonstrated by the combined particle‐induced X‐ray emission and scanning transmission ion microscopy technique. Most important, the centers of gravity for Cu and Cd accumulations of the ΔcrpA colonies shifted toward the older regions as compared with wild‐type surface cultures.

中文翻译：

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由 crpA 缺失引起的构巢曲霉的 Cd2+ 生物吸附能力增加

P 型 ATPase CrpA 是曲霉中重要的 Cu2+/Cd2+ 泵，显着促进这些子囊菌真菌的重金属胁迫耐受性。正如预期的那样，crpA 的缺失导致构巢曲霉在接种分生孢子的应激琼脂平板上出现 Cu2+/Cd2+ 敏感表型。然而，当暴露于 Cd2+ 时，在标准 Cu2+ 应力琼脂平板实验和玻璃纸集落收获 (CCH) 培养物中都观察到了 ΔcrpA 菌株的矛盾生长刺激。这些观察结果反映了在这些实验条件下运行的 CrpA 损失的有效补偿机制。值得注意的是，ΔcrpA 菌株在 CCH 培养物中表现出高 2.7 倍的 Cd 生物吸附能力，这可能促进新的、基于真菌生物质的生物修复技术从环境中提取有害的 Cd2+ 离子。如结合粒子诱导 X 射线发射和扫描透射离子显微镜技术所证明的，crpA 的无效也显着改变了 CCH 培养物中 Cu 和 Cd 的空间分布。最重要的是，与野生型表面培养物相比，ΔcrpA 集落的 Cu 和 Cd 积累的重心向较旧的区域转移。