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Dietary combination of chelated zinc and threonine and effects on egg production, egg quality and nutrient balance of Brown laying hens from 20 to 49 weeks of age
Animal Feed Science and Technology ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114555
M.A. Trindade Neto , J.C. Dadalt , M.L.P. Tse

Abstract Studies have evaluated the effects of zinc (Zn) supplementation as an important dietary factor that regulates intestinal amino acid metabolism, protecting and preventing diarrhea. Threonine (Thr) also plays an important role in intestinal mucosa, playing a key role in the innate immune defence of mucosa. Thus, the present study evaluated the combined effects of Thr and chelated Zn on egg production and egg quality of brown laying hens from 20 to 48 weeks and on nutrient balance at week 49. The hypothesis was that a lower level of Zn chelated in the diet could be favorable for the use of Thr by laying hens. Thus, two experimental designs were made. Experiment number 1: A completed randomized design with six replicate cages per treatment was done. The structure of the treatment was a 4 × 5 factorial arrangement with five levels of total Thr (6.14, 6.98, 8.75, 10.06 and 10.55 g/kg) and four analyzed levels of Zn (31, 73, 104 and 121 mg / kg). A total of 120 cages was used. Each cage had eight hens. In this experiment the experimental unit was the cage with 8 hens. The response variables analyzed were related to egg production and quality. Experiment number 2: It was identical to experiment 1, but only four repetitions were used per treatment and each cage had 4 hens. The experimental unit was the cage with 4 hens. The response variables analyzed were related to the nutrient balance, and apparent metabolizable energy corrected by nitrogen (AMEN). An interaction effect between Zn and Thr levels was observed on egg production, egg weight, nitrogen balance and AMEN. Quadratic equations indicated that increasing dietary levels of Zn reduced Thr estimates for hens. General performance results suggest a total Thr concentration of 8.38 ± 0.43 g/kg or 880 ± 43 mg/day, however, a level of chelated Zn above 40 mg/kg negatively affected egg quality. Corn and soybean meal diet naturally provided the zinc requirement egg production. Higher Zn levels can reduce nutrient and energy intake and efficiency, limiting its retention by laying hens and affecting productive performance. As for interaction, the apparent lower estimate of Thr to ensure egg production and egg weight with increased Zn concentration in the diet may imply a gradual increase in Zn excretion. Thus, costs related to food and the environment must also be considered.

中文翻译:

螯合锌和苏氨酸的膳食组合以及对 20 至 49 周龄褐蛋鸡产蛋量、蛋质量和营养平衡的影响

摘要 研究评估了锌 (Zn) 补充剂作为调节肠道氨基酸代谢、保护和预防腹泻的重要膳食因素的作用。苏氨酸(Thr)在肠黏膜中也有重要作用,在黏膜的先天免疫防御中起关键作用。因此,本研究评估了 Thr 和螯合锌对 20 至 48 周棕色蛋鸡产蛋量和蛋质量以及第 49 周营养平衡的综合影响。 假设是日粮中螯合锌水平较低可能有利于蛋鸡使用 Thr。因此,进行了两个实验设计。实验编号 1:完成了每个处理六个重复笼子的完整随机设计。处理结构为 4 × 5 因子排列,具有五个总 Thr(6.14、6.98、8.75、10.06 和 10.55 g/kg)水平和四个分析水平的 Zn(31、73、104 和 121 mg/kg) . 总共使用了120个笼子。每个笼子里有八只母鸡。在这个实验中,实验单元是有 8 只母鸡的笼子。分析的响应变量与产蛋量和质量有关。实验编号 2:与实验 1 相同,但每个处理仅使用四次重复,每个笼子有 4 只母鸡。实验单元是笼子里有4只母鸡。分析的响应变量与营养平衡和经氮校正的表观代谢能 (AMEN) 相关。观察到 Zn 和 Thr 水平之间的相互作用对产蛋量、蛋重、氮平衡和 AMEN 产生影响。二次方程表明,增加日粮中锌的含量会降低母鸡的 Thr 估计值。一般性能结果表明总 Thr 浓度为 8.38 ± 0.43 g/kg 或 880 ± 43 mg/天,但是,螯合锌水平高于 40 mg/kg 会对鸡蛋质量产生负面影响。玉米和豆粕饮食自然提供了产蛋所需的锌。较高的锌含量会降低养分和能量的摄入和效率,通过产蛋限制其保留并影响生产性能。至于相互作用,随着日粮中锌浓度的增加,确保产蛋量和蛋重的 Thr 值明显较低,这可能意味着锌排泄量逐渐增加。因此,还必须考虑与食品和环境相关的成本。一般性能结果表明总 Thr 浓度为 8.38 ± 0.43 g/kg 或 880 ± 43 mg/天,但是,螯合锌水平高于 40 mg/kg 会对鸡蛋质量产生负面影响。玉米和豆粕饮食自然提供了产蛋所需的锌。较高的锌含量会降低养分和能量的摄入和效率,通过产蛋限制其保留并影响生产性能。至于相互作用,随着日粮中锌浓度的增加,确保产蛋量和蛋重的 Thr 值明显较低,这可能意味着锌排泄量逐渐增加。因此,还必须考虑与食品和环境相关的成本。一般性能结果表明总 Thr 浓度为 8.38 ± 0.43 g/kg 或 880 ± 43 mg/天,但是,螯合锌水平高于 40 mg/kg 会对鸡蛋质量产生负面影响。玉米和豆粕饮食自然提供了产蛋所需的锌。较高的锌含量会降低养分和能量的摄入和效率,通过产蛋限制其保留并影响生产性能。至于相互作用,随着日粮中锌浓度的增加,确保产蛋量和蛋重的 Thr 值明显较低,这可能意味着锌排泄量逐渐增加。因此,还必须考虑与食品和环境相关的成本。玉米和豆粕饮食自然提供了产蛋所需的锌。较高的锌含量会降低养分和能量的摄入和效率,通过产蛋限制其保留并影响生产性能。至于相互作用,随着日粮中锌浓度的增加,确保产蛋量和蛋重的 Thr 值明显较低,这可能意味着锌排泄量逐渐增加。因此,还必须考虑与食品和环境相关的成本。玉米和豆粕饮食自然提供了产蛋所需的锌。较高的锌含量会降低养分和能量的摄入和效率,通过产蛋限制其保留并影响生产性能。至于相互作用,随着日粮中锌浓度的增加,确保产蛋量和蛋重的 Thr 值明显较低,这可能意味着锌排泄量逐渐增加。因此,还必须考虑与食品和环境相关的成本。随着日粮中锌浓度的增加,为确保产蛋量和蛋重而对 Thr 的明显较低估计可能意味着锌排泄量逐渐增加。因此,还必须考虑与食品和环境相关的成本。随着日粮中锌浓度的增加,为确保产蛋量和蛋重而对 Thr 的明显较低估计可能意味着锌排泄量逐渐增加。因此,还必须考虑与食品和环境相关的成本。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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