Aircraft maintenance has been further developed with predictive maintenance instead of solely condition-based maintenance. Prognostics and health management (PHM) with advanced technologies can utilize real-time and historical health state information to provide actionable information, enabling predictive maintenance decision-making. In this case, the methodology of how to design the PHM systems is an issue to be faced. The state of the art has provided several conceptual design methodologies and associated methods to support the conceptual requirements development of PHM systems. However, there is no rigorous process available for requirements definition. Existing options for requirements derivation are lacking details, which restricting PHM system design and development. This constitutes a major drawback and hurdle towards the successful design of PHM systems in practice. This paper consequently proposes a methodology for the systematic derivation of system requirements towards PHM system development. Besides, this methodology defines detailed processes for requirements definition, and positions mean through which various categories of requirements can be derived through appropriate analyses in detail. Sequences of interoperability requirements categories and associated flow-down perspectives are identified. To evaluate the applicability, this paper undertakes the case study of requirements definition for a generic PHM system, which provides a comprehensive application of the methodology. Designers can perform requirements definition under this methodology as guidance towards the design of a successful PHM system, providing solutions for predicting remaining useful life (RUL) to support aircraft predictive maintenance.

飞机维护已通过预测性维护而不是仅基于状态的维护得到了进一步发展。具有先进技术的预测和健康管理（PHM）可以利用实时和历史健康状态信息来提供可操作的信息，从而能够进行预测性维护决策。在这种情况下，如何设计PHM系统的方法论是一个要面对的问题。现有技术提供了几种概念设计方法和相关方法来支持PHM系统的概念需求开发。但是，没有用于定义需求的严格过程。需求推导的现有选项缺乏细节，这限制了PHM系统的设计和开发。这构成了主要的缺点，并阻碍了成功实施PHM系统的设计。因此，本文提出了一种针对PHM系统开发系统推导系统需求的方法。此外，该方法定义了详细的需求定义过程，而职位则意味着可以通过适当的详细分析得出各种类别的需求。确定了互操作性要求类别和相关联的顺流视角的顺序。为了评估其适用性，本文对通用PHM系统的需求定义进行了案例研究，该方法为该方法提供了全面的应用。设计人员可以按照这种方法进行需求定义，以指导成功的PHM系统的设计，