To improve the trapping efficiency of respiratory dust by aerodynamic atomization and to maintain the health and safety of workers, a numerical simulation (droplet fragmentation and particle tracking in a high Mach number flow) and an aerodynamic atomization experiment were adopted on the basis of the existing supersonic aerodynamic atomization nozzles that utilize the Laval nozzle as the core. A new type of this kind of nozzle based on a probe structure was designed and optimized. Both the simulation and experimental results have shown that the probe injection method is more suitable for the progress of supersonic aerodynamic atomization. The new nozzle inherits the characteristics of fast droplet speed, conservation of water and pressure, long-range and slow attenuation. The atomization performance of the new nozzle is better than that of traditional nozzles at the same power, and the new nozzle has a larger atomization angle, smaller atomization granularity, lower noise and a more stable atomization output. For the first time, the process of breaking particles by using supersonic gas in the field of dust removal is truly realized. When the pressure is more than 0.1 MPa, antigravity water absorption can be realized. The dust removal rate can be approximately twice as high as that of the traditional ultrasonic atomization method. Compared with the traditional ultrasonic atomization method (84.75%), the dust isolation efficiency can reach 94.07%. The droplets of ultra-fine size with high-speed produced by the new nozzle will have a strong trapping effect on respiratory dust and will save more energy by the vacuum force siphon than currently used nozzles (the amount of gas saved by the same efficiency is 40% and the amount of water saved is 45%).

为了通过气动雾化提高呼吸道粉尘的捕集效率并维护工人的健康和安全，在现有技术的基础上，采用了数值模拟（高马赫数流量下的液滴破碎和颗粒跟踪）和气动雾化实验以Laval喷嘴为核心的超音速气动雾化喷嘴。设计并优化了一种新型的基于探针结构的喷嘴。仿真和实验结果均表明，探针注入法更适合于超音速气动雾化的进展。新喷嘴继承了液滴速度快，保水和保压，远距离和缓慢衰减的特点。在相同功率下，新型喷嘴的雾化性能优于传统喷嘴，雾化角度更大，雾化粒度更小，噪音更低，雾化输出更稳定。真正实现了在除尘领域使用超声波气体破碎颗粒的过程。当压力大于0.1MPa时，可以实现反重力吸水。除尘率大约是传统超声雾化方法的两倍。与传统的超声雾化方法（84.75％）相比，粉尘的分离效率可以达到94.07％。