Introduction

U.S. commercial drivers are entrenched in a stressogenic profession, and exposures to endemic chronic stressors shape drivers’ behavioral and psychosocial responses and induce profound health and safety disparities. To gain a complete understanding of how the COVID-19 pandemic will affect commercial driver stress, health, and safety over time, and to mitigate these impacts, research and prevention efforts must be grounded in theoretical perspectives that contextualize these impacts within the chronic stressors already endemic to profession, the historical and ongoing forces that have induced them, and the potentially reinforcing nature of the resulting afflictions.

Methods

Extant literature reveals how an array of macro-level changes has shaped downstream trucking industry policies, resulting in stressogenic work organization and workplace characteristics. Emerging evidence suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbates existing stressors and introduces novel stressors, with potentially exacerbatory impacts on health and safety disparities.

Results

As COVID-19 exerts an array of multi-level stressors on commercial drivers, syndemic frameworks can provide the appropriate theoretical lens to guide research and prevention. Syndemic frameworks can provide the grounding to allow foregoing commercial driver COVID-19 research to transcend the limitations of prevailing research frameworks by contextualizing COVID-19 stressors holistically within the complex system of endemic chronic stressors and interrelated health and safety afflictions. Syndemic-informed prevention efforts can then be implemented that simultaneously tackle multiple afflictions and the macro-level forces that result in the emergence of commercial drivers’ health and safety disparities over time.

Conclusions

The impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on commercial drivers cannot be adequately understood or acted upon in isolation from the endemic chronic stressors and interrelated health and safety disparities that characterize the profession. Instead, commercial driver COVID-19 research and prevention needs syndemic frameworks to holistically understand the impacts of COVID-19 on commercial driver stress, health, and safety, and to identify high-leverage preventive actions.

中文翻译：

---

了解 COVID-19 对商业驾驶员压力、健康和安全影响的综合框架。

介绍

美国商业司机在压力源职业中根深蒂固，暴露于地方性慢性压力源会影响司机的行为和社会心理反应，并导致严重的健康和安全差异。为了全面了解 COVID-19 大流行将如何影响商业驾驶员的压力、健康和安全，并减轻这些影响，研究和预防工作必须以理论观点为基础，将这些影响与慢性压力源联系起来职业特有的，导致他们的历史和持续的力量，以及由此产生的痛苦的潜在强化性质。

方法

现有文献揭示了一系列宏观层面的变化如何塑造了下游卡车运输行业的政策，从而导致了工作组织和工作场所的压力特征。新出现的证据表明，COVID-19 大流行加剧了现有的压力源并引入了新的压力源，可能对健康和安全差异造成加剧的影响。

结果

由于 COVID-19 对商业驱动因素施加了一系列多层次的压力源，因此综合框架可以提供适当的理论视角来指导研究和预防。通过在地方性慢性压力源和相互关联的健康和安全问题的复杂系统中将 COVID-19 压力源整体置于情境中，流行病框架可以为上述商业驱动 COVID-19 研究提供基础，从而超越现行研究框架的局限性。然后可以实施以流行病为依据的预防工作，同时应对多种疾病和宏观层面的力量，这些因素会导致商业司机的健康和安全差异随着时间的推移而出现。

结论

不能充分理解 COVID-19 大流行对商业司机的影响，也不能与该行业特有的地方性慢性压力源以及相互关联的健康和安全差异隔离开来。相反，商业司机 COVID-19 研究和预防需要综合框架来全面了解 COVID-19 对商业司机压力、健康和安全的影响，并确定高杠杆的预防措施。