Abstract There is a need in the literature to investigate the cognitive components that play a role in obesity, particularly in early childhood. The current study investigated executive function (EF) in healthy-weight (n = 63) and overweight/obese (n = 20) 4- to 5-year-old children. No significant correlations were found between children’s body mass index (BMI) and cool (non-reward based) EF. However, a significant interaction demonstrated that children who were overweight/obese made more delayed/larger food choices for themselves than healthy-weight children but made similar choices for others and did not wait longer than healthy-weight children when enduring a delay of gratification task. Findings suggest that overweight/obese preschool children do not have general deficits in EF, but may place greater value on receiving larger food rewards, even at the cost of a delay. Individual differences in delay behavior may shed light on the development of self-regulation patterns that contribute to disordered eating behavior and overweight/obesity.

中文翻译：

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幼儿冷热执行功能与体重指数

摘要 文献中有必要研究在肥胖中起作用的认知成分，尤其是在儿童早期。目前的研究调查了健康体重 (n = 63) 和超重/肥胖 (n = 20) 4 至 5 岁儿童的执行功能 (EF)。未发现儿童体重指数 (BMI) 与冷酷（非奖励型）EF 之间存在显着相关性。然而，一项重要的互动表明，超重/肥胖儿童比健康体重儿童为自己做出更多延迟/更大的食物选择，但为他人做出类似选择，并且在忍受延迟满足任务时等待的时间并不比健康体重儿童长. 研究结果表明，超重/肥胖的学龄前儿童在 EF 方面没有普遍缺陷，但可能更重视获得更大的食物奖励，甚至以延迟为代价。延迟行为的个体差异可能揭示导致饮食行为紊乱和超重/肥胖的自我调节模式的发展。