According to the emotional and social problems encountered in disruptive behaviour disorder (DBD), there is little available information regarding the attachment processes during middle childhood. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the attachment representations to both caregivers in a sample of 84 children, aged 8–12 years (N = 42 with a diagnosis of DBD; N = 42 as a comparison group). Attachment is assessed through the Child Attachment Interview, a semi-structured interview that incorporates both narrative and behavioural assessments of attachment, permits the assessment of attachment representations using dimensional and categorical approaches, and allows for the detection of disorganisation to both parents individually. Our results point to the presence of high frequencies of insecure attachment (more than 80%) in the DBD group, with a higher percentage of dismissing attachment, and an over-representation of disorganised attachment (more than 50%). Higher levels of dismissal and lower levels of security are found in DBD than in the comparison group. No attachment differences with respect to both parents are found. Understanding how different aspects of attachment during a specific developmental phase plays a role within the broader emotional functioning of DBD has great potential to lead to innovations in evaluations and treatment processes.

中文翻译：

---

破坏性行为障碍儿童的依恋表征：特别关注童年中期的不安全感

根据破坏性行为障碍 (DBD) 中遇到的情绪和社会问题，关于童年中期依恋过程的可用信息很少。因此，本研究旨在调查 84 名 8-12 岁儿童样本（N = 42 诊断为 DBD；N = 42 作为对照组）中对两个照顾者的依恋表现。依恋通过儿童依恋访谈进行评估，这是一种半结构化访谈，结合了依恋的叙述和行为评估，允许使用维度和分类方法评估依恋表征，并允许单独检测父母双方的混乱。我们的结果表明 DBD 组中存在高频率的不安全依恋（超过 80%），拒绝依恋的比例较高，而杂乱无章的依恋比例过高（超过 50%）。与对照组相比，DBD 的解雇水平更高，安全水平更低。没有发现父母双方的依恋差异。了解特定发展阶段依恋的不同方面如何在 DBD 更广泛的情感功能中发挥作用，具有巨大的潜力，可以导致评估和治疗过程的创新。