COVID-19 has become a global pandemic. Immune dysregulation has been implicated, but immune responses remain poorly understood. We analyzed 71 COVID-19 patients compared to recovered and healthy subjects using high dimensional cytometry. Integrated analysis of ~200 immune and >30 clinical features revealed activation of T cell and B cell subsets, but only in some patients. A subgroup of patients had T cell activation characteristic of acute viral infection and plasmablast responses could reach >30% of circulating B cells. However, another subgroup had lymphocyte activation comparable to uninfected subjects. Stable versus dynamic immunological signatures were identified and linked to trajectories of disease severity change. These analyses identified three immunotypes associated with poor clinical trajectories versus improving health. These immunotypes may have implications for therapeutics and vaccines.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19患者的深层免疫分析揭示了患者的异质性和独特的免疫类型，对治疗干预具有重要意义。

COVID-19已成为全球流行病。涉及免疫失调，但免疫反应仍然知之甚少。我们使用高维细胞仪分析了71名COVID-19患者与康复和健康受试者的比较。对〜200种免疫功能和> 30种临床特征的综合分析显示，T细胞和B细胞亚群被激活，但仅在某些患者中。一小组患者具有急性病毒感染的T细胞活化特性，浆母细胞反应可达到循环B细胞的> 30％。但是，另一个亚组的淋巴细胞活化程度与未感染的受试者相当。确定了稳定的免疫标记与动态的免疫标记，并将其与疾病严重性变化的轨迹相关联。这些分析确定了三种不良的临床表现与改善健康状况相关的免疫类型。