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Deep learning for automated analysis of fish abundance: the benefits of training across multiple habitats
bioRxiv - Ecology Pub Date : 2020-05-22 , DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.19.105056
Ellen Ditria , Michael Sievers , Sebastian Lopez-Marcano , Eric L. Jinks , Rod M. Connolly

Environmental monitoring guides conservation, and is thus particularly important for coastal aquatic habitats, which are heavily impacted by human activities. Underwater cameras and unmanned devices monitor aquatic wildlife, but manual processing of footage is a significant bottleneck to rapid data processing and dissemination of results. Deep learning has emerged as a solution, but its ability to accurately detect animals across habitat types and locations is largely untested for coastal environments. Here, we produce three deep learning models using an object detection framework to detect an ecologically important fish, luderick (Girella tricuspidata). Two were trained on footage from single habitats (seagrass or reef), and one on footage from both habitats. All models were subjected to tests from both habitat types. Models performed well on test data from the same habitat type (object detection measure: mAP50: 91.7 and 86.9% performance for seagrass and reef, respectively), but poorly on test sets from a different habitat type (73.3 and 58.4%, respectively). The model trained on a combination of both habitats produced the highest object detection results for both tests (92.4 and 87.8%, respectively). Performance in terms of the ability for models to correctly estimate the ecological metric, MaxN, showed similar patterns. The findings demonstrate that deep learning models extract ecologically useful information from video footage accurately and consistently, and can perform across habitat types when trained on footage from the variety of habitat types.

中文翻译:

深度学习以自动分析鱼类的丰度:跨多个栖息地进行培训的好处

环境监测指导保护工作,因此对于受人类活动严重影响的沿海水生生境特别重要。水下摄像机和无人设备监视水生野生生物,但是手动处理素材是快速数据处理和结果发布的重大瓶颈。深度学习已成为一种解决方案,但它在跨栖息地类型和位置准确检测动物的能力在沿海环境中尚未经过测试。在这里,我们使用对象检测框架生成三个深度学习模型,以检测具有生态学意义的鱼类luderick(Girella tricuspidata)。两名受过单一栖息地(海草或珊瑚礁)镜头的训练,一名受过两个栖息地的镜头训练。所有模型都接受了两种栖息地类型的测试。在来自相同栖息地类型的测试数据上,模型表现良好(对象检测指标:mAP50:海草和礁石的性能分别为91.7和86.9%),但是在来自不同栖息地类型的测试集上的表现则很差(分别为73.3和58.4%)。在两个生境的组合上训练的模型在两个测试中产生了最高的对象检测结果(分别为92.4和87.8%)。在模型正确估计生态指标MaxN的能力方面,性能表现出相似的模式。研究结果表明,深度学习模型可以从视频录像中准确且一致地提取出对生态有益的信息,并且在对来自各种栖息地类型的录像进行训练时可以在不同的栖息地类型之间执行。海草和珊瑚礁的性能分别为9%),但在不同栖息地类型的测试集上的性能较差(分别为73.3和58.4%)。在两个生境的组合上训练的模型在两个测试中产生了最高的对象检测结果(分别为92.4和87.8%)。在模型正确估计生态指标MaxN的能力方面,性能表现出相似的模式。研究结果表明,深度学习模型可以从视频录像中准确且一致地提取出对生态有益的信息,并且在对来自各种栖息地类型的录像进行训练时可以在各种栖息地类型中执行。海草和珊瑚礁的性能分别为9%),但在不同栖息地类型的测试集上的性能较差(分别为73.3和58.4%)。在两个生境的组合上训练的模型在两个测试中产生了最高的对象检测结果(分别为92.4和87.8%)。在模型正确估计生态指标MaxN的能力方面,性能表现出相似的模式。研究结果表明,深度学习模型可以从视频录像中准确且一致地提取出对生态有益的信息,并且在对来自各种栖息地类型的录像进行训练时可以在各种栖息地类型中执行。在两个生境的组合上训练的模型在两个测试中产生了最高的对象检测结果(分别为92.4和87.8%)。在模型正确估计生态指标MaxN的能力方面,性能表现出相似的模式。研究结果表明,深度学习模型可以从视频录像中准确且一致地提取出对生态有益的信息,并且在对来自各种栖息地类型的录像进行训练时可以在不同的栖息地类型之间执行。在两个生境的组合上训练的模型在两个测试中产生了最高的对象检测结果(分别为92.4和87.8%)。在模型正确估计生态指标MaxN的能力方面,性能表现出相似的模式。研究结果表明,深度学习模型可以从视频录像中准确且一致地提取出对生态有益的信息,并且在对来自各种栖息地类型的录像进行训练时可以在不同的栖息地类型之间执行。
更新日期:2020-05-22
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