Unprovoked seizures in the late period of traumatic brain injury (TBI) occur in almost 20% of humans and experimental animals, psychiatric comorbidities being common in both situations. The aim of the study was to evaluate epileptiform activity in the early period of TBI induced by lateral fluid percussion brain injury in adult male Srague-Dawley rats and to reveal potential behavioral and pathomorphological correlates of early electrophysiological alterations. One week after TBI the group of animals was remarkably heterogeneous regarding the incidence of bifrontal 7-Hz spikes and spike-wave discharges (SWDs). It consisted of 3 typical groups: a) rats with low baseline and high post-craniotomy SWD level; b)with constantly low both baseline and post-craniotomy SWD levels; c) constantly high both baseline and post-craniotomy SWD levels. Rats with augmented SWD occurrence after TBI demonstrated freezing episodes accompanying SWDs as well as increased anxiety-like behavior (difficulty of choosing). The discharges were definitely associated with sleep phases. The incidence of SWDs positively correlated with the area of glial activation in the neocortex but not in the hippocampus.The translational potential of the data is revealing new pathophysiological links between epileptiform activity appearance, direct cortical and distant hippocampal damage and anxiety-like behaviour, putative early predictors of late posttraumatic pathology.

中文翻译：

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外伤性脑损伤对 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠棘波放电的早期影响差异

近 20% 的人类和实验动物在创伤性脑损伤 (TBI) 晚期无端癫痫发作，这两种情况下都常见精神疾病。该研究的目的是评估成年雄性 Srague-Dawley 大鼠侧向流体冲击性脑损伤诱导的 TBI 早期癫痫样活动，并揭示早期电生理改变的潜在行为和病理形态相关性。TBI 后一周，这组动物在双额 7 Hz 尖峰和尖峰波放电 (SWD) 的发生率方面表现出明显的异质性。它由 3 个典型组组成： a) 具有低基线和高开颅后 SWD 水平的大鼠；b) 基线和开颅后 SWD 水平始终较低；c) 基线和开颅后 SWD 水平持续升高。TBI 后 SWD 发生率增加的大鼠表现出伴随 SWD 的冻结发作以及增加的焦虑样行为（选择困难）。放电肯定与睡眠阶段有关。SWD 的发生率与新皮质中的神经胶质激活区域呈正相关，但与海马中的神经胶质激活区域无关。数据的转化潜力揭示了癫痫样活动外观、直接皮质和远处海马损伤与焦虑样行为之间的新病理生理联系，推定晚期创伤后病理的早期预测因子。