Abstract

In this work, we propose a simple approach for fabrication of an electrochemical sensor for copper (II) ion determination in aqueous solution based on using a hydroxyapatite nano-rods/chitosan (HA/CS) nanocomposite coated on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface. Firstly, hydroxyapatite (HA) nano-rods has been synthesized by a simple precipitation reactions using Ca(OH)₂ slurry and orthophosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) as precursors. After that, as-synthesized HA was dispersed into chitosan (CS) matrix to HA/CS-modify GCE by a drop casting technique. Characteristic of HA and HA/CS coating on GCE have been analysed by Transmission/Scanning Electron Microscope (TEM/SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-Transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) techniques. Electrochemical activities of neat GCE, CS-modified GCEs (GCE/CS) and HA/CS-modified GCE (GCE/HA/CS) have been evaluated in sodium acetate (NaAc-HAc) buffer with presence/absence of Ni²⁺, Co²⁺ or Cu²⁺ ions to test whether sensitive and selective of these developed Cu²⁺ sensors. Evaluated results demonstrated that GCE/HA/CS sensor has a sensitivity to Cu²⁺ ion of 7.688 ± 0.5324 µA mM^− 1, it is the most sensitive to Cu²⁺ ions compared with GCE or GCE/CS. In additional, proposed Cu²⁺ electrochemical sensor has been applied to determine Cu²⁺ ions concentration in tap water with a high recoveries was found.

Graphic Abstract

中文翻译：

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羟基磷灰石纳米棒/壳聚糖修饰的玻碳电极测定Cu（II）离子

摘要

在这项工作中，我们提出了一种简单的方法，该方法基于使用涂覆在玻璃碳电极（GCE）表面的羟基磷灰石纳米棒/壳聚糖（HA / CS）纳米复合材料制造用于水溶液中铜（II）离子测定的电化学传感器的简单方法。首先，使用Ca（OH）₂浆液和正磷酸（H ₃ PO ₄）通过简单的沉淀反应合成了羟基磷灰石（HA）纳米棒。）作为前体。之后，通过滴铸技术将合成后的HA分散到壳聚糖（CS）基质中，进行HA / CS修饰的GCE。通过透射/扫描电子显微镜（TEM / SEM），X射线衍射（XRD）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）技术分析了GCE上的HA和HA / CS涂层的特性。整齐GCE的电化学活性，CS-改性GCEs（GCE / CS）和HA / CS-改性GCE（GCE / HA / CS）已在乙酸钠（NaAc缓冲-的HAc）与存在/不存在的Ni缓冲评价²⁺， Co ²⁺或Cu ²⁺离子，以测试这些发达的Cu ²⁺传感器是否灵敏和具有选择性。评估结果表明，GCE / HA / CS传感器对Cu ²⁺具有敏感性离子为7.688±0.5324 µA mM ^-1，与GCE或GCE / CS相比，它对Cu ²⁺离子最敏感。另外，建议的Cu ²⁺电化学传感器已用于确定自来水中的Cu ²⁺离子浓度，回收率很高。

图形摘要