Uveal melanoma (UM) is a type of intraocular tumor with a propensity to disseminate to the liver. Despite the identification of the early driver mutations during the development of the pathology, the process of UM metastasis is still not fully comprehended. A better understanding of the genetic, molecular, and environmental factors participating to its spread and metastatic outgrowth could provide additional approaches for UM treatment. In this review, we will discuss the advances made towards the understanding of the pathogenesis of metastatic UM, summarize the current and prospective treatments, and introduce some of the ongoing research in this field.

中文翻译：

---

葡萄膜黑色素瘤病理生物学：肝脏转移

葡萄膜黑色素瘤（UM）是一种具有向肝脏播散倾向的眼内肿瘤。尽管在病理发展过程中发现了早期驱动突变，但仍不完全了解 UM 转移的过程。更好地了解参与其传播和转移生长的遗传、分子和环境因素可以为 UM 治疗提供额外的方法。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论在理解转移性 UM 发病机制方面取得的进展，总结当前和未来的治疗方法，并介绍该领域正在进行的一些研究。