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Arousal Modulates Retinal Output.
Neuron ( IF 16.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-22 , DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2020.04.026
Sylvia Schröder 1 , Nicholas A Steinmetz 2 , Michael Krumin 1 , Marius Pachitariu 3 , Matteo Rizzi 1 , Leon Lagnado 4 , Kenneth D Harris 2 , Matteo Carandini 1
Affiliation  

At various stages of the visual system, visual responses are modulated by arousal. Here, we find that in mice this modulation operates as early as in the first synapse from the retina and even in retinal axons. To measure retinal activity in the awake, intact brain, we imaged the synaptic boutons of retinal axons in the superior colliculus. Their activity depended not only on vision but also on running speed and pupil size, regardless of retinal illumination. Arousal typically reduced their visual responses and selectivity for direction and orientation. Recordings from retinal axons in the optic tract revealed that arousal modulates the firing of some retinal ganglion cells. Arousal had similar effects postsynaptically in colliculus neurons, independent of activity in the other main source of visual inputs to the colliculus, the primary visual cortex. These results indicate that arousal modulates activity at every stage of the mouse visual system.



中文翻译:

唤醒调节视网膜输出。

在视觉系统的不同阶段,视觉反应受到唤醒的调节。在这里,我们发现在小鼠中,这种调节早在视网膜的第一个突触中甚至在视网膜轴突中就起作用了。为了测量清醒、完整大脑中的视网膜活动,我们对上丘中视网膜轴突的突触环进行了成像。他们的活动不仅取决于视力,还取决于奔跑速度和瞳孔大小,与视网膜照明无关。觉醒通常会降低他们的视觉反应和对方向的选择性。视束中视网膜轴突的记录显示,觉醒调节一些视网膜神经节细胞的放电。唤醒在丘神经元的突触后具有类似的效果,独立于丘的其他主要视觉输入来源的活动,初级视觉皮层。这些结果表明,唤醒调节小鼠视觉系统每个阶段的活动。

更新日期:2020-05-22
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