This paper is an attempt to identify a methodology for converting conventional energy consumption buildings to net-zero energy buildings (NZEB). The first step was rather different from the usual energy audit, which is to analyze a facility’s energy consumptions from both macro- and micro-scales. To implement such an approach, a governmental office building (Metro) in Portland, OR, was chosen as a case study. After a building model was validated against a real measurement, it was then used to evaluate different energy efficiency strategies (EESs) so as to reduce the energy consumption. The EESs showed a reduction in energy use intensity (EUI) from 166 to 66 kWh/m².year, which is 60% less than the current consumption. The remaining energy demand of the building will be compensated by implementing renewable energy technologies (RETs), namely photovoltaic. The photovoltaic (PV) panels showed viability since they will produce 532 MWh on-site throughout the year, which is sufficient for the future remaining energy demand of the building (490.5 MWh). In conclusion, the simple payback period (SPP) and the life cycle cost analysis proved the feasibility of EESs and RETs. Environmentally, a total of 106 tons of CO₂ was prevented per year; in addition, 64.6 tons of CO₂ will also be avoided by the PVs on a yearly basis.

中文翻译：

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将现有办公楼改建为NZEB的详细节能战略：西北太平洋地区的案例研究

本文试图确定一种将常规能耗建筑转换为零净能耗建筑（NZEB）的方法。第一步与通常的能源审核有很大不同，后者是从宏观和微观两个角度分析设施的能耗。为了实施这种方法，选择了俄勒冈州波特兰市的政府办公大楼（地铁）作为案例研究。在针对实际测量值验证了建筑模型后，可将其用于评估不同的能效策略（EES），以减少能耗。EESs显示能源使用强度（EUI）从166 kWh / m ^2降低.year，比当前消耗少60％。建筑物的剩余能源需求将通过实施可再生能源技术（RET）（即光伏技术）来补偿。光伏（PV）面板显示出可行性，因为它们全年将现场产生532 MWh，足以满足建筑物未来的剩余能源需求（490.5 MWh）。总之，简单的投资回收期（SPP）和生命周期成本分析证明了EES和RET的可行性。在环境方面，每年总共防止了106吨CO _2的排放。此外，光伏发电站每年还将避免64.6吨的CO ₂排放。