Purpose of Review

Low-grade gliomas (LGG) are a group of primary brain tumors that arise from supporting glial cells. They are characterized by a mutation in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) enzyme and include astrocytomas and oligodendrogliomas. They usually affect young adults, and their main treatment consists of surgical resection, followed by radiation and chemotherapy in selected patients. This article reviews recent research on the clinical and molecular aspects of the disease and innovative therapeutic modalities in the process.

Recent Findings

Newly identified clinical and molecular features are currently used in the classification of LGG and applied in treatment-planning decisions. Advanced studies on the cellular level have an advanced understanding of the metabolic effects induced by IDH mutations, offering opportunities for specific targeted therapies that may improve patient outcomes. Such findings may lead to a paradigm shift in the treatment of these tumors.

Summary

Although LGG are sensitive to radiation and chemotherapy, these therapies are not curative, and patient survival remains limited, raising the need for more creative and effective interventions.

中文翻译：

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低年级胶质瘤。

审查目的

低度神经胶质瘤（LGG）是由支持性神经胶质细胞引起的一组原发性脑肿瘤。它们的特征在于异柠檬酸脱氢酶（IDH）酶的突变，包括星形细胞瘤和少突胶质细胞瘤。它们通常会影响年轻人，其主要治疗方法包括手术切除，然后对部分患者进行放疗和化疗。本文回顾了有关该疾病的临床和分子方面以及该过程中创新治疗方式的最新研究。

最近的发现

新近鉴定的临床和分子特征目前用于LGG的分类中，并应用于治疗计划的决策中。在细胞水平上的高级研究对IDH突变诱导的代谢作用有深入的了解，为可能改善患者预后的靶向治疗提供了机会。这些发现可能导致这些肿瘤的治疗方式发生转变。

概要

尽管LGG对放射线和化学疗法敏感，但这些疗法无法治愈，患者的生存仍然受到限制，因此需要采取更具创造性和有效的干预措施。