Background and Objectives: It is widely recognized that posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms, resulting from adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), have a myriad of detrimental effects on the wellbeing of sufferers. Yet the extent to which PTS symptoms mediate positive and negative outcomes is less well-known. This study, therefore, explored whether PTS symptoms indirectly explain avoidant personality disorder (AVPD) traits and resilience following multiple ACEs. Design: A correlational design using mediation analyses was conducted. Method: One-hundred and seventy-seven participants (68.4% female; aged 18-73 years) completed an online survey measuring experiences of childhood adversity, AVPD traits, resilience, and PTS symptoms. Results: The pathway from ACEs to AVPD mediated by PTS symptoms was both positive and significant. The indirect relationship from ACEs to resilience was also significantly and negatively mediated by PTS symptoms. Of the PTS dimensions, avoidance and hyperarousal mediated the relationship between the number of ACEs and AVPD traits, while intrusions mediated the association between the number of ACEs and resilience. Conclusions: These findings indicate that PTS symptoms can have both detrimental and adaptive effects on psychological wellbeing. Treatment and management of PTS symptoms is, therefore, key to the improvement of overall psychological functioning following ACEs.

中文翻译：

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创伤后压力症状介导了不良童年经历、回避型人格特征和韧性之间的关系。

背景和目标：人们普遍认为，由不良童年经历 (ACE) 引起的创伤后压力 (PTS) 症状对患者的健康有无数不利影响。然而，PTS 症状介导正面和负面结果的程度鲜为人知。因此，本研究探讨了 PTS 症状是否间接解释了多次 ACE 后的回避型人格障碍 (AVPD) 特征和适应力。设计：进行了使用中介分析的相关设计。方法：一百七十七名参与者（68.4% 女性；年龄在 18-73 岁之间）完成了一项在线调查，测量儿童的逆境经历、AVPD 特征、适应力和 PTS 症状。结果：由 PTS 症状介导的从 ACE 到 AVPD 的途径既是积极的又是显着的。从 ACE 到弹性的间接关系也受到 PTS 症状的显着负面影响。在 PTS 维度中，回避和过度唤醒介导了 ACE 数量与 AVPD 特征之间的关系，而入侵则介导了 ACE 数量与弹性之间的关联。结论：这些发现表明，PTS 症状会对心理健康产生不利影响和适应性影响。因此，治疗和管理 PTS 症状是改善 ACE 后整体心理功能的关键。而入侵介导了 ACE 数量与弹性之间的关联。结论：这些发现表明，PTS 症状会对心理健康产生不利影响和适应性影响。因此，治疗和管理 PTS 症状是改善 ACE 后整体心理功能的关键。而入侵介导了 ACE 数量与弹性之间的关联。结论：这些发现表明，PTS 症状会对心理健康产生不利影响和适应性影响。因此，治疗和管理 PTS 症状是改善 ACE 后整体心理功能的关键。