The emergence of new imaging techniques and molecular tools has refreshed our understanding of the principles of synaptic transmission and plasticity. Superresolution imaging and biosensors for measuring enzymatic activities in live neurons or neurotransmitter levels in the synaptic cleft are giving us an unprecedented integrated and nanoscale view on synaptic function. Excitatory synapses are now conceptualized as organized in subdomains, enriched with specific scaffolding proteins and glutamate receptors, molecularly organized with respect to the pre-synaptic source of glutamate. This new vision of basic synaptic transmission changes our understanding of the molecular modifications which sustain synaptic plasticities. Long-term potentiation can no longer be explained simply by an increase in receptor content at the synapse. We review here the latest data on the role of nanoscale and dynamic organization of AMPA type glutamate receptors on synaptic transmission at both basal state and during short and long-term plasticities.

中文翻译：

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AMPA受体纳米级动态组织和突触可塑性。

新的成像技术和分子工具的出现刷新了我们对突触传递和可塑性原理的理解。超分辨率成像和生物传感器，用于测量突触裂隙中活神经元或神经递质水平的酶促活性，为我们提供了有关突触功能的空前的综合和纳米尺度的观点。现在，将兴奋性突触概念化为在亚域中组织，富含特定的支架蛋白和谷氨酸受体，相对于突触前谷氨酸的来源在分子上组织。这种基本的突触传递新视野改变了我们对维持突触可塑性的分子修饰的理解。长期增强不能再简单地通过突触中受体含量的增加来解释。