Individuals that maintain healthy skeletal tissue tend to live healthier, happier lives as proper muscle function enables maintenance of independence and actuation of autonomy. The onset of skeletal muscle decline begins around the age of 30, and muscle atrophy is associated with a number of serious morbidities and mortalities. Satellite cells are responsible for regeneration of skeletal muscle and enter a reversible non-dividing state of quiescence under homeostatic conditions. In response to injury, satellite cells are able to activate and re-enter the cell cycle, creating new cells to repair and create nascent muscle fibres while preserving a small population that can return to quiescence for future regenerative demands. However, in aged muscle, satellite cells that experience prolonged quiescence will undergo programmed cellular senescence, an irreversible non-dividing state that handicaps the regenerative capabilities of muscle. This review examines how periodic activation and cycling of satellite cells through exercise can mitigate senescence acquisition and myogenic decline.

中文翻译：

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卫星细胞老化：使用它或丢失它。

维持健康的骨骼组织的个体往往会过上更健康，更幸福的生活，因为适当的肌肉功能能够维持独立性和自主权。骨骼肌萎缩的发作始于30岁左右，并且肌肉萎缩与许多严重的发病率和死亡率有关。卫星细胞负责骨骼肌的再生，并在稳态条件下进入可逆的静止非分裂状态。响应损伤，卫星细胞能够激活并重新进入细胞周期，从而产生新的细胞来修复并产生新生的肌纤维，同时保留一小部分种群，这些种群可以恢复静止以适应未来的再生需求。但是，在衰老的肌肉中，长时间处于静止状态的卫星细胞将经历程序性的细胞衰老，阻碍肌肉再生能力的不可逆的非分裂状态。这篇综述探讨了通过锻炼定期激活和循环卫星细胞如何减轻衰老的获得和肌源性衰退。