Therapeutic antibodies and nanotherapeutic drugs are of great concern due to their widespread use against numerous diseases worldwide. They are frequently used for targeted therapy under the assumption that they cause fewer side effects than nontargeted drugs. Despite their specificity and particular design for therapeutic actions, they might still exhibit unintended adverse effects in the immune system. Immunotoxicity reactions are mediated by immunomodulation, including immunostimulation and immunosuppression. The present review gives an overview on the adverse immunotoxic effects induced by therapeutic antibodies as well as nanotherapeutic drugs. In this context, future methods combining more efficient drug design with better tolerability and fewer adverse effects are discussed to ensure improved safety in the engineering of therapeutic antibodies and nanotherapeutics.

中文翻译：

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治疗性抗体和纳米颗粒的免疫毒性。

由于治疗性抗体和纳米治疗性药物广泛用于世界各地的许多疾病，因此备受关注。假设它们比非靶向药物产生更少的副作用，通常将它们用于靶向治疗。尽管它们具有治疗作用的特异性和特殊设计，但它们仍可能在免疫系统中表现出意想不到的不利影响。免疫毒性反应由免疫调节介导，包括免疫刺激和免疫抑制。本综述概述了由治疗性抗体以及纳米治疗药物引起的不良免疫毒性作用。在这种情况下，