Immune cells are capable of sensing various signals in the microenvironment and turning on specific immune functions in response. The appropriate transition of immune cells into diverse functional states, which is crucial for immunity, involves complex and well-regulated changes in transcriptional program. Accumulating evidence shows that epigenetic remodeling plays a central role in mediating the transcriptional program for immune cell activation and immunological memory. Concurrently, immune cells undergo significant metabolic reprogramming during immune response. Here we review recent studies that demonstrate shifts in metabolic state can orchestrate immune cell functions through its impact on epigenetic remodeling, and the microenvironment can exert its influence on immune cells through the metabolic regulation of epigenetics. We also discuss the systems biology approaches that enabled these discoveries.

中文翻译：

---

免疫细胞中表观遗传重塑的代谢调控。

免疫细胞能够感应微环境中的各种信号，并在响应时开启特定的免疫功能。免疫细胞向多种功能状态的适当转变，这对免疫至关重要，涉及复杂且调控良好的转录程序变化。越来越多的证据表明，表观遗传重塑在介导免疫细胞激活和免疫记忆的转录程序中起着核心作用。同时，免疫细胞在免疫应答过程中会经历重要的代谢重编程。在这里，我们回顾了最近的研究，这些研究表明代谢状态的变化可以通过其对表观遗传重构的影响来协调免疫细胞的功能，而微环境可以通过表观遗传学的代谢调控而对免疫细胞产生影响。