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The Role of Synaptic Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease.
Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease ( IF 4 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-30 , DOI: 10.3233/jad-191334
Yixuan Amy Pei 1 , Julie Davies 2 , Melanie Zhang 3 , Han-Ting Zhang 4
Affiliation  

Deemed as incurable, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) research is becoming less convoluted as our understanding of its pathology increases. With current treatments focusing on merely mitigating the symptoms of AD, there have been many attempts to find a molecular culprit to serve as the single underlying cause and therapeutic target for clinical applications to approach the disease from its roots. Indeed, over the course of decades, the endless search for a singular target culprit in AD has uncovered a cascade of pathological defects, adding on to each other throughout the progression of the disease. The developmental patterns of amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers have been studied as a means to discover the complex molecular interplay between various immune responses, genetic mutations, pathway disturbances, and regulating factors that disturb synapse homeostasis before disease manifestation. This new understanding has shifted the underlying goal of the research community from merely removing Aβ oligomers to finding methods that can predict high risk individuals and resorting to cocktail-drug treatments in an attempt to regulate multiple pathways that cumulatively result in the debilitating symptoms of the disease. By utilizing various assays from immuno-targeting to molecular biomarkers, we then interfere in the molecular cascades in an endeavor to avoid synapse dysfunction before disease maturity. Here, we review the current literature supporting the importance of synapses in AD, our current understanding of the molecular interactions leading up to clinical diagnoses, and the techniques used in targeted therapies.

中文翻译:

突触功能障碍在阿尔茨海默氏病中的作用。

阿尔茨海默氏病(AD)研究被认为是无法治愈的,随着我们对其病理学认识的增强,其研究变得越来越复杂。当前的治疗仅着眼于减轻AD的症状,已经进行了许多尝试来寻找分子罪魁祸首,该分子罪魁祸首是临床应用从根本上解决该疾病的唯一根本原因和治疗靶标。确实,在几十年的时间里,对AD单一目标罪魁祸首的无休止搜索已经发现了一系列病理缺陷,在疾病的整个发展过程中相互叠加。研究了淀粉样β(Aβ)低聚物的发育模式,以发现各种免疫应答,遗传突变,途径干扰,和调节因素,在疾病表现之前干扰突触的稳态。这种新的认识已将研究团体的根本目标从仅去除Aβ低聚物转变为寻找可以预测高危人群并采取鸡尾酒疗法的方法,以试图调节多种途径累积累积导致该疾病的衰弱症状。 。通过利用从免疫靶向到分子生物标志物的各种检测方法,我们随后干预了分子级联反应,从而在疾病成熟之前努力避免突触功能障碍。在这里,我们回顾了支持AD中突触重要性的当前文献,对导致临床诊断的分子相互作用的目前理解以及靶向治疗中使用的技术。这种新的认识已将研究团体的根本目标从仅去除Aβ低聚物转变为寻找可以预测高危人群并采取鸡尾酒疗法的方法,以试图调节多种途径累积累积导致该疾病的衰弱症状。 。通过利用从免疫靶向到分子生物标志物的各种检测方法,我们随后干预了分子级联反应,从而在疾病成熟之前努力避免突触功能障碍。在这里,我们回顾了支持突触在AD中的重要性的现有文献,对导致临床诊断的分子相互作用的当前理解以及靶向治疗中使用的技术。这种新的认识已将研究团体的根本目标从仅去除Aβ低聚物转变为寻找可以预测高危人群并采取鸡尾酒疗法的方法,以试图调节多种途径累积累积导致该疾病的衰弱症状。 。通过利用从免疫靶向到分子生物标志物的各种检测方法,我们随后干预了分子级联反应,从而在疾病成熟之前努力避免突触功能障碍。在这里,我们回顾了支持突触在AD中的重要性的现有文献,对导致临床诊断的分子相互作用的当前理解以及靶向治疗中使用的技术。
更新日期:2020-06-30
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