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Cross talk: Two way allelopathic interactions between toxic Microcystis and Daphnia.
Harmful Algae ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-25 , DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2020.101803
Gorenka Bojadzija Savic 1 , Myriam Bormans 1 , Christine Edwards 2 , Linda Lawton 2 , Enora Briand 3 , Claudia Wiegand 1
Affiliation  

Due to eutrophication, freshwater ecosystems frequently experience cyanobacterial blooms, many of which produce bioactive metabolites that can affect vertebrates and invertebrates life traits. Zooplankton are able to develop tolerance as a physiological response to cyanobacteria and their bioactive compounds, however, this comes with energetic cost that in turn influence Daphnia life traits and may impair populations. Vice versa, it has been suggested that Daphnia are able to reduce cyanobacterial dominance until a certain cyanobacterial density; it remains unclear whether Daphnia metabolites alone influence the physiological state and bioactive metabolites production of cyanobacteria. Hence, this study investigates mutual physiological reactions of toxic Microcystis aeruginosa PCC7806 and Daphnia magna. We hypothesize that a) the presence of D. magna will negatively affect growth, increase stress response and metabolites production in M. aeruginosa PCC7806 and b) the presence of M. aeruginosa PCC7806 will negatively affect physiological responses and life traits in D. magna. In order to test these hypotheses experiments were conducted in a specially designed co-culture chamber that allows exchange of the metabolites without direct contact. A clear mutual impact was evidenced. Cyanobacterial metabolites reduced survival of D. magna and decreased oxidative stress enzyme activity. Simultaneously, presence of D. magna did not affect photosynthetic activity. However, ROS increase and tendencies in cell density decrease were observed on the same day, suggesting possible energy allocation towards anti-oxidative stress enzymes, or other protection mechanisms against Daphnia infochemicals, as the strain managed to recover. Elevated concentration of intracellular and overall extracellular microcystin MC-LR, as well as intracellular concentrations of aerucyclamide A and D in the presence of Daphnia, indicating a potential protective or anti-grazing function. However, more research is needed to confirm these findings.



中文翻译:

相声:毒性微囊藻和水蚤之间的双向化感相互作用。

由于富营养化,淡水生态系统经常会遇到蓝藻水华,其中许多会产生生物活性代谢产物,这些代谢产物会影响脊椎动物并使无脊椎动物的生活特征产生影响。浮游动物能够发展成对蓝细菌及其生物活性化合物的生理反应的耐受性,然而,这伴随着高昂的代价,进而影响水蚤的生活特征并可能损害种群。反之亦然,有人认为水蚤能够降低蓝细菌的主导地位,直到达到一定的蓝细菌密度。尚不清楚单独的水蚤代谢产物是否会影响蓝细菌的生理状态和生物活性代谢产物的产生。因此,本研究调查了有毒物质的相互生理反应。铜绿微囊藻PCC7806和大型蚤。我们假设,一个)的存在D.蚤将负生长,增加应激反应和代谢物生产的影响铜绿微囊藻PCC7806和b)的存在下铜绿微囊藻PCC7806将产生负面影响的生理反应和生活性状D.蚤。为了检验这些假设,在特别设计的共培养室中进行实验,该共培养室允许代谢物的交换而无需直接接触。有明显的相互影响。蓝藻代谢产物降低了D. magna的存活率,降低了氧化应激酶的活性同时,D。magna的存在不影响光合作用。但是,在同一天观察到ROS升高和细胞密度下降趋势,这表明可能的能量分配给了抗氧化应激酶或其他针对水蚤信息化学的保护机制,因为该菌株设法恢复了。在存在水蚤的情况下,细胞内和整体细胞外微囊藻毒素MC-LR的浓度升高,以及细胞内环磷酰胺A和D的浓度升高,表明潜在的保护性或抗放牧功能。但是,需要更多的研究来证实这些发现。

更新日期:2020-04-25
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