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EXPRESS: Is It or Isn’t It: The Importance of Visual Classification in Microplastic Characterization
Applied Spectroscopy ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 , DOI: 10.1177/0003702820930733
Amy L Lusher 1 , Inger Lise N Bråte 1 , Keenan Munno 2 , Rachel R Hurley 1 , Natalie A Welden 3
Affiliation  

Microplastics are a diverse category of pollutants, comprising a range of constituent polymers modified by varying quantities of additives and sorbed pollutants, and exhibiting a range of morphologies, sizes, and visual properties. This diversity, as well as their microscopic size range, presents numerous barriers to identification and enumeration. These issues are addressed with the application of physical and chemical analytical procedures; however, these present new problems associated with researcher training, facility availability and cost, especially for large-scale monitoring programs. Perhaps more importantly, the classifications and nomenclature used by individual researchers to describe microplastics remains inconsistent. In addition to reducing comparability between studies, this limits the conclusions that may be drawn regarding plastic sources and potential environmental impacts. Additionally, where particle morphology data is presented, it is often separate from information on polymer distribution. In establishing a more rigorous and standardized visual identification procedure, it is possible to improve the targeting of complex analytical techniques and improve the standards by which we monitor and record microplastic contamination. Here we present a simple and effective protocol to enable consistent visual processing of samples with an aim to contribute to a higher degree of standardization within the microplastic scientific community. This protocol will not eliminate the need for non-subjective methods to verify plastic objects, but it will standardize the criteria by which suspected plastic items are identified and reduce the costs associated with further analysis.

中文翻译:

EXPRESS:是还是不是:视觉分类在微塑料表征中的重要性

微塑料是一类多样化的污染物,包括一系列由不同数量的添加剂和吸附的污染物改性的聚合物成分,并表现出一系列的形态、大小和视觉特性。这种多样性以及它们的微观尺寸范围为识别和计数带来了许多障碍。这些问题是通过应用物理和化学分析程序来解决的;然而,这些带来了与研究人员培训、设施可用性和成本相关的新问题,尤其是对于大规模监测项目。也许更重要的是,个别研究人员用来描述微塑料的分类和命名法仍然不一致。除了降低研究之间的可比性,这限制了可能得出的关于塑料来源和潜在环境影响的结论。此外,在呈现颗粒形态数据时,它通常与聚合物分布信息分开。通过建立更严格和标准化的视觉识别程序,可以提高复杂分析技术的针对性,并提高我们监测和记录微塑料污染的标准。在这里,我们提出了一个简单有效的协议,以实现对样品的一致视觉处理,旨在为微塑料科学界的更高程度的标准化做出贡献。该协议不会消除对验证塑料物体的非主观方法的需要,
更新日期:2020-08-06
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