Vitamin D and fiber intake are nutritional factors that could affect the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), potentially by reducing insulin resistance. Therefore, we hypothesized that the influence of vitamin D on T2D might depend on fiber intake. This study investigated the association between vitamin D status and T2D according to fiber intake. The present study analyzed data from 9,656 American adults (≥20 years old) who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007–2010. The serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] was used as a biomarker for vitamin D status. The T2D classification was based on two criteria: T2D^a was identified using only self-reported questionnaire data and T2D^b was identified based on both survey and laboratory data. The deficient vitamin D status (<50 nmol/L) was used as the reference group. After controlling for sociodemographic, behavioral, and dietary factors, the odds ratios (ORs) were 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.58, 0.90) for T2D^a and 0.60 (0.50, 0.80) for T2D^b in the sufficient vitamin D status (≥75 nmol/L). Furthermore, the total vitamin D concentration exhibited dose-dependent associations with lower OR values for T2D^a (P for trend = .005) and T2D^b (P for trend <.001). Among participants with high-fiber intake, the OR values for T2D^b were 0.60 (95% CI: 0.42, 0.90) at suboptimal vitamin D status and 0.49 (95% CI: 0.31, 0.77) at sufficient vitamin D status. Moreover, the significant dose-dependent association persisted in the high-fiber-intake subgroup (P for trend = .004). Therefore, combining vitamin D plus high-fiber intake would help reduce the prevalence of diabetes, although the interaction analysis results were not statistically significant.

中文翻译：

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美国成年人的维生素D状态，纤维摄入量和2型糖尿病。

维生素D和纤维摄入是可能通过降低胰岛素抵抗而影响2型糖尿病（T2D）发展的营养因子。因此，我们假设维生素D对T2D的影响可能取决于纤维摄入量。这项研究根据纤维摄入量调查了维生素D状态与T2D之间的关系。本研究分析了参加2007-2010年美国国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）的9656名美国成年人（≥20岁）的数据。血清25-羟基维生素D [25（OH）D]的浓度用作维生素D状态的生物标记。T2D分类基于两个标准：仅使用自我报告的问卷调查数据确定T2D ^a，并使用T2D ^b是根据调查和实验室数据确定的。维生素D缺乏状态（<50 nmol / L）被用作参考组。控制用于社会人口，行为和饮食因素后，比值比（OR）为0.72（95％置信区间[CI]：0.58，0.90），用于T2D^一个和0.60（0.50，0.80），用于T2D ^b在足够维生素d状态（≥75nmol / L）。此外，总维生素D浓度与T2D ^a（趋势P = .005）和T2D ^b（趋势P <.001）的OR值较低，表现出剂量依赖性。在摄入高纤维的参与者中，T2D ^b的OR值在最佳维生素D状态下为0.60（95％CI：0.42，0.90），在足够维生素D状态下为0.49（95％CI：0.31，0.77）。而且，显着的剂量依赖性关联在高纤维摄入亚组中持续存在（趋势P = .004）。因此，将维生素D与高纤维摄入量相结合将有助于降低糖尿病的患病率，尽管相互作用分析结果没有统计学意义。