To provide systematic insight into the composition and expression of transfer RNA (tRNA) derivatives transcriptome in colorectal cancer (CRC). tRNA derivatives expression profiles in three pairs of CRC and adjacent normal colon tissues were performed by tRNA-derived small RNA fragments (tRFs) and tRNA halves (tiRNA) sequencing, and microarray data of transcriptomes from CRC and paired controls were retrieved from Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed tRFs and tiRNAs and differentially expressed genes between CRC and paired normal samples were screened. The functional regulations between tRF and tiRNA and gene were identified. A total of 60 upregulated and 48 downregulated tRNA derivatives and 7373 upregulated and 12,138 downregulated messenger RNA (mRNA) were identified. The tRF and tiRNA-gene regulatory modules were constructed by analyzing computational tRF and tiRNA-target predictions and inverse expression relationships between tRF and tiRNAs and mRNA. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway annotation showed that the function of targets of tiRNA-Tyr-GTA was mainly enriched in negative regulation of epithelial cell apoptotic process and peroxisome proliferator activated-receptors (PPAR) signaling pathway. Cellular response to monoamine stimulus and inflammatory bowel disease was enriched in function of tiRNA-Val-CAC. Two functions, including negative regulation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) cascade and choline metabolism in cancer, were enriched in tRF-Gln-CTG. The function of mesenchymal to epithelial transition was enriched in tRF-Leu-TAG. For the first time to our knowledge, our study provided a landscape of tRNA derivatives expression profiles in CRC. Further tRF and tiRNA-gene regulatory modules construction explored the potential functions related to these tRNA derivatives in the pathogenesis of CRC.

中文翻译：

---

转移 RNA 衍生片段的综合库及其在结直肠癌中的调控网络。

提供对转移 RNA (tRNA) 衍生物转录组在结直肠癌 (CRC) 中的组成和表达的系统洞察。通过 tRNA 衍生的小 RNA 片段 (tRFs) 和 tRNA 半 (tiRNA) 测序进行三对 CRC 和相邻正常结肠组织中的 tRNA 衍生物表达谱，并从 Gene Expression Omnibus 中检索来自 CRC 和配对对照的转录组的微阵列数据数据库。筛选了CRC和配对正常样本之间差异表达的tRFs和tiRNAs以及差异表达的基因。确定了 tRF 和 tiRNA 和基因之间的功能调节。共鉴定出 60 个上调和 48 个下调的 tRNA 衍生物以及 7373 个上调和 12,138 个下调的信使 RNA (mRNA)。tRF 和 tiRNA 基因调控模块是通过分析计算 tRF 和 tiRNA 目标预测以及 tRF 与 tiRNA 和 mRNA 之间的反向表达关系构建的。基因本体论和京都基因与基因组百科全书通路注释表明，tiRNA-Tyr-GTA靶点的功能主要富集于上皮细胞凋亡过程的负调控和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体（PPAR）信号通路。tiRNA-Val-CAC 的功能丰富了对单胺刺激和炎症性肠病的细胞反应。tRF-Gln-CTG 丰富了两种功能，包括 c-Jun N 末端激酶 (JNK) 级联的负调节和癌症中的胆碱代谢。tRF-Leu-TAG 丰富了间充质到上皮转化的功能。据我们所知，这是第一次，我们的研究提供了 CRC 中 tRNA 衍生物表达谱的全景图。进一步的 tRF 和 tiRNA 基因调控模块构建探索了与这些 tRNA 衍生物在 CRC 发病机制中相关的潜在功能。