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Digital Transformation and Governance Innovation for Public Biobanks and Free/Libre Open Source Software Using a Blockchain Technology.
OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-07 , DOI: 10.1089/omi.2019.0178
Nikolaos Evangelatos 1, 2, 3 , Sudhakara P Upadya 4 , Julien Venne 5 , Kapaettu Satyamoorthy 6 , Helmut Brand 5, 7 , C S Ramashesha 4 , Angela Brand 3, 6, 8
Affiliation  

Digitalization and digital health are transforming research practices, while economic growth is increasingly driven by the information commons. In the case of biological sciences, information commons, such as public biobanks and free/libre open source software (FLOSS), are of paramount importance for both research and the bioeconomy. In a time of digitalization, however, information commons are vulnerable to violations, such as the free-rider problem, that render the commons unsustainable. Consequently, it has been argued that the enclosure of the informational common resources is the only means to effectively exploit them. Given the social and economic importance of the information commons, the new digital environment in biology and health requires governance innovation that will regulate the social embedding of the commons and their relationship to the free market, that is, a new political economy is needed. In this context, the need for a core common infrastructure, stretching from the physical to the logical and content layer of the information environment, that will guarantee the protection of the commons from both violations and enclosures, has been highlighted. Focusing on the interaction between two biological/bioinformatics commons, namely public biobanks and the FLOSS, we have set up an ecosystem relying on a blockchain technology. The proposed governance mechanism protects the information commons from the free-rider problem and guarantees their sustainability without hampering their operational framework. Our model demonstrates the interdependence and protection of the information commons not as an abstract theoretical exercise, but rather as a physical reality on the digital ontological matrix.

中文翻译:

使用区块链技术的公共生物银行和自由/自由开源软件的数字化转型和治理创新。

数字化和数字健康正在改变研究方法,而经济增长越来越受到信息共享的驱动。就生物科学而言,诸如公共生物库和自由/自由开源软件(FLOSS)之类的信息共享对于研究和生物经济都至关重要。但是,在数字化时代,信息共享区很容易受到诸如搭便车问题之类的违规行为的侵害,这使共享区变得不可持续。因此,有人认为,信息公共资源的围封是有效利用它们的唯一手段。鉴于信息共享的社会和经济重要性,生物学和健康领域的新数字环境要求治理创新,这将规范公地的社会嵌入以及公地与自由市场的关系,也就是说,需要新的政治经济学。在这种情况下,人们强调了对核心通用基础结构的需求,该基础结构从信息环境的物理层延伸到逻辑层和内容层,这将确保对公共域进行保护,以免受到违规和封闭。着眼于两个生物/生物信息学共同体(即公共生物库和FLOSS)之间的相互作用,我们建立了依赖于区块链技术的生态系统。拟议的治理机制可保护信息共享免遭搭便车问题的侵害,并确保其可持续性而不会影响其运营框架。
更新日期:2020-05-07
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