Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric illness that results in an increased risk for a variety of inflammatory diseases. The exact etiology of this increased risk in unknown, and thus, several animal models have been developed to investigate the neuroimmune interactions of PTSD. Repeated social defeat stress (RSDS) is an established preclinical model of psychological trauma that recapitulates certain behavioral and inflammatory aspects of human PTSD. Furthermore, RSDS has been utilized to subgroup animals into susceptible and resilient populations based on one specific behavioral phenotype (i.e., social interaction). Herein, we conducted an extensive investigation of circulating inflammatory proteins after RSDS, and found significant elevations in various cytokines and chemokines after exposure to psychological trauma. When categorizing animals into either susceptible or resilient populations based on social interaction, we found no inflammatory or other behavioral differences between these subgroups. Furthermore, assessment of associations between all detectable inflammatory proteins and behavioral outputs found no significant correlation between social interaction parameters and inflammation. In contrast, we identified a panel of 5 circulating inflammatory proteins that showed significant associations with elevated zero maze parameters. Strikingly, these 5 circulating inflammatory proteins displayed a stronger predictive ability of psychological trauma exposure compared to any behavioral outcome. These findings provide new insights into inflammatory markers associated with RSDS, and their ability to predict psychological trauma exposure more robustly than commonly utilized behavioral paradigms.

中文翻译：

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与反复社交挫败中的行为相比，炎症是心理创伤暴露的更强预测指标

创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）是一种精神疾病，导致多种炎性疾病的风险增加。这种未知风险增加的确切病因，因此，已经开发了几种动物模型来研究PTSD的神经免疫相互作用。反复的社交挫败压力（RSDS）是心理创伤的既定临床前模型，可以概括人类PTSD的某些行为和炎症方面。此外，基于一种特定的行为表型（即社交互动），RSDS已被用于将动物分为易感和有弹性的种群。在本文中，我们对RSDS后循环炎症蛋白进行了广泛研究，发现暴露于心理创伤后各种细胞因子和趋化因子明显升高。在根据社会互动将动物分类为易感或适应力种群时，我们发现这些亚组之间没有炎症或其他行为差异。此外，评估所有可检测的炎症蛋白与行为输出之间的关联后，发现社交互动参数与炎症之间无显着相关性。相反，我们鉴定了一组5种循环炎症蛋白，这些蛋白与零迷宫参数升高之间存在显着关联。令人惊讶的是，与任何行为结果相比，这5种循环炎症蛋白显示出更强的心理创伤暴露预测能力。这些发现为与RSDS相关的炎症标记物提供了新的见解，