Adsorptive removal of phosphorus from wastewater is a good alternative to solve pollution problems, as well as provides the potential to recover phosphorus after the desorption process. The work herein reveals the development of novel Fe–Al–Zr-modified anthracite materials, which present a total adsorption capacity of 12.83 mg/g. The adsorption mechanism includes electrostatic forces, ligands exchange, and surface deposition. Micropores provide the major adsorption sites for phosphorus, and the amount of available adsorptive sites is a key factor in controlling the adsorption rate. Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy coupled with Fourier transform infrared reveals that Fe, Al, and Zr ions that preferentially combine with the N–H of amine or amide(I) could competitively complex with phosphate in the initial 5 h of the adsorption stage, whereas metal ions presenting in the C–O group of alcohols, ethers, and esters on a microporous surface play a leading role in the time period of 5–12 h. The modified anthracites can be repeatedly used in four operation cycles until the adsorption rate decreases below 50%. Finally, phosphorus can be effectively and quickly recovered in the form of hydroxyapatite by adding CaCl₂ (n(Ca)/n(P) = 2:1) under alkaline conditions. The methodological framework proposed in this work provides extensive possibilities for phosphorus resource utilization.

中文翻译：

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铁铝锆改性无烟煤从水溶液中回收磷的性能和机理

吸附去除废水中的磷是解决污染问题的一个很好的选择，并且提供了在解吸过程后回收磷的潜力。本文的工作揭示了新型Fe–Al–Zr改性无烟煤材料的开发，其总吸附容量为12.83 mg / g。吸附机制包括静电力，配体交换和表面沉积。微孔是磷的主要吸附位点，有效的吸附位点数量是控制吸附速率的关键因素。二维相关光谱结合傅立叶变换红外光谱揭示，优先与胺或酰胺（I）的NH结合的Fe，Al和Zr离子在吸附阶段的最初5小时内可与磷酸盐竞争性络合，而在微孔表面的醇，醚和酯的C–O组中存在的金属离子在5–12 h的时间段内起着主导作用。改性无烟煤可以四个操作周期重复使用，直到吸附率降低到50％以下。最后，通过添加CaCl可以有效，快速地以羟磷灰石形式回收磷。₂（n（Ca）/ n（P）= 2：1）在碱性条件下。这项工作提出的方法框架为磷资源利用提供了广泛的可能性。