Deep-sea environments can become contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons. The effects of hydrostatic pressure (HP) in the deep sea on microbial oil degradation are poorly understood. Here, we performed long-term enrichments (100 days) from a natural cold seep while providing optimal conditions to sustain high hydrocarbon degradation rates. Through enrichments performed at increased HP and ambient pressure (AP) and by using control enrichments with marine broth, we demonstrated that both pressure and carbon source can have a big impact on the community structure. In contrast to previous studies, hydrocarbonoclastic operational taxonomic units (OTUs) remained dominant at both AP and increased HP, suggesting piezotolerance of these OTUs over the tested pressure range. Twenty-three isolates were obtained after isolation and dereplication. After recultivation at increased HP, an Alcanivorax sp. showed promising piezotolerance in axenic culture. Furthermore, preliminary co-cultivation tests indicated synergistic growth between some isolates, which shows promise for future synthetic community construction. Overall, more insights into the effect of increased HP on oil-degrading communities were obtained as well as several interesting isolates, e.g. a piezotolerant hydrocarbonoclastic bacterium for future deep-sea bioaugmentation investigation.

中文翻译：

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微生物富集，功能鉴定和从冷渗流中分离可得到耐压电的专性烃降解物。

深海环境可能会被石油烃污染。在深海中的静水压力（HP）对微生物油降解的影响知之甚少。在这里，我们从自然冷渗流中进行了长期浓缩（100天），同时提供了维持高烃降解率的最佳条件。通过在增加的HP和环境压力（AP）下进行浓缩，以及通过对海藻肉汤进行对照浓缩，我们证明了压力和碳源均可对群落结构产生重大影响。与先前的研究相比，烃碎屑操作分类单位（OTU）在AP和HP上均占主导地位，这表明这些OTU在测试压力范围内具有耐压性。分离和重复复制后获得二十三个分离株。Alcanivorax sp。表现出良好的耐压电性。此外，初步的共培养测试表明某些分离株之间可以协同生长，这显示出未来合成社区建设的希望。总体而言，获得了更多有关增加的HP对石油降解群落的影响的见解，以及一些有趣的分离株，例如耐压的碳氢碎屑细菌，用于未来的深海生物强化研究。