Abstract Titanium dioxide (TiO2) sol was prepared using tetrabutyl titanate as a precursor via an acid catalyzed sol-gel process. Investigation of the effects of acid content and annealing on the properties of nanostructured TiO2 materials. The influence of acid content on the sol density, viscosity, stability and particle size were studied and based on the kinematic viscosity data, Gibbs energies of activation for viscous flow (ΔG*) were also calculated. Furthermore, the prepared samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer. The results showed that the increase of acid content nearly had no obvious influence on the chemical structure of TiO2 sol. With the increase of annealing temperature, titanium dioxide changes from amorphous phase to crystalline phase, anatase coexists with rutile at 600 °C, sample absorbance increases, and the edge of UV-Vis spectra shows red shift. Ti-O-Ti bond is the main structure of TiO2 sol, and the formed TiO2 molecule has linear structure.

中文翻译：

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酸含量和退火对纳米结构二氧化钛溶胶性能影响的研究

摘要 以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体，通过酸催化溶胶-凝胶法制备了二氧化钛 (TiO2) 溶胶。酸含量和退火对纳米结构二氧化钛材料性能影响的研究。研究了酸含量对溶胶密度、粘度、稳定性和粒度的影响，并基于运动粘度数据，还计算了粘性流动的吉布斯活化能 (ΔG*)。此外，制备的样品使用 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、傅里叶变换红外 (FTIR) 光谱、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、能谱仪 (EDS) 和紫外-可见 (UV-Vis) 分光光度计进行表征。结果表明，酸含量的增加对TiO2溶胶的化学结构几乎没有明显影响。随着退火温度的升高，二氧化钛由非晶相转变为晶相，600℃时锐钛矿与金红石共存，样品吸光度增加，紫外-可见光谱边缘呈现红移。Ti-O-Ti键是TiO2溶胶的主要结构，形成的TiO2分子呈线状结构。