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Genome Maintenance by DNA Helicase B
Genes ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-21 , DOI: 10.3390/genes11050578
Lindsey Hazeslip 1 , Maroof Khan Zafar 1 , Muhammad Zain Chauhan 1 , Alicia K Byrd 1, 2
Affiliation  

DNA Helicase B (HELB) is a conserved helicase in higher eukaryotes with roles in the initiation of DNA replication and in the DNA damage and replication stress responses. HELB is a predominately nuclear protein in G1 phase where it is involved in initiation of DNA replication through interactions with DNA topoisomerase 2-binding protein 1 (TOPBP1), cell division control protein 45 (CDC45), and DNA polymerase α-primase. HELB also inhibits homologous recombination by reducing long-range end resection. After phosphorylation by cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) at the G1 to S transition, HELB is predominately localized to the cytosol. However, this cytosolic localization in S phase is not exclusive. HELB has been reported to localize to chromatin in response to replication stress and to localize to the common fragile sites 16D (FRA16D) and 3B (FRA3B) and the rare fragile site XA (FRAXA) in S phase. In addition, HELB is phosphorylated in response to ionizing radiation and has been shown to localize to chromatin in response to various types of DNA damage, suggesting it has a role in the DNA damage response.

中文翻译:

DNA解旋酶B的基因组维护

DNA 解旋酶 B (HELB) 是高等真核生物中的保守解旋酶,在 DNA 复制的起始以及 DNA 损伤和复制应激反应中发挥作用。HELB 主要是处于 G1 期的核蛋白,它通过与 DNA 拓扑异构酶 2 结合蛋白 1 (TOPBP1)、细胞分裂控制蛋白 45 (CDC45) 和 DNA 聚合酶 α-primase 的相互作用参与 DNA 复制的起始。HELB 还通过减少远程末端切除来抑制同源重组。在 G1 到 S 过渡时被细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶 2 (CDK2) 磷酸化后,HELB 主要定位于胞质溶胶。然而,这种在 S 期的胞质定位并不是唯一的。据报道,HELB 定位于染色质以响应复制压力,定位于常见的脆弱位点 16D (FRA16D) 和 3B (FRA3B) 以及 S 期罕见的脆弱位点 XA (FRAXA)。此外,HELB 响应电离辐射而被磷酸化,并已显示出定位于染色质以响应各种类型的 DNA 损伤,表明它在 DNA 损伤反应中起作用。
更新日期:2020-05-21
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