A K‐band 4‐channel transmitter IC with fully differential architecture is presented in this paper for beamforming phased‐array system. This IC uses commercial 65 nm CMOS technology. The major building blocks of this IC are 3‐stage medium power amplifiers (MPAs) with resistive feedback network to control the gain, 6‐bit phase shifter with tuning bit, 15 dB attenuators, 4‐way power divider consisting switches, and a Marchand balun. All above components are designed by differential architecture. The cross‐connected switch type 180° phase shifter and the differential 4‐way power divider is implemented for low insertion loss and small chip size compared with its conventional switched type phase shifter and three differential 2‐way power dividers, respectively. This TX IC has −5 dB overall gain at 21‐23 GHz. Furthermore, it also available phase shifting of 360° with 5.6° step and attenuating of 29 dB with 1 dB step at 21‐23 GHz, respectively. The RMS phase errors and the RMS amplitude error are achieved <3° and <1 dB at 21‐23 GHz, respectively. The achieved P_1dB and saturation power (P_SAT) of this TX IC are >0 dB m and >6 dB m, respectively. The 4‐channel TX IC consumes 140 mA of DC current at 2.5 V supply voltage. The overall dimension of 4‐channel TX IC is 3 × 1 mm².

中文翻译：

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采用65 nm CMOS技术的AK波段全差分4通道发射器IC

本文介绍了用于波束成形相控阵系统的具有全差分架构的AK波段4通道发射机IC。该IC使用商用65 nm CMOS技术。该IC的主要构建模块是具有电阻式反馈网络以控制增益的3级中功率放大器（MPA），带调谐位的6位移相器，15 dB衰减器，由开关组成的4路功率分配器和Marchand巴伦 以上所有组件均由差分架构设计。与传统的开关型移相器和三个差分2路功率分配器相比，交叉连接的开关型180°移相器和差分4路功率分配器的插入损耗低，芯片尺寸小。该TX IC在21-23 GHz时的总增益为-5 dB。此外，它还在21-23 GHz时分别提供了5.6°步进的360°相移和1 dB步进的29 dB衰减。RMS相位误差和RMS幅度误差在21-23 GHz时分别达到<3°和<1 dB。已实现该TX IC的P _1dB和饱和功率（P _SAT）分别大于0 dB m和> 6 dB m。4通道TX IC在2.5 V电源电压下消耗140 mA的DC电流。4通道TX IC的整体尺寸为3×1 mm ²。