Abstract In 2019 Brazil recorded the highest wildland fire occurrence South America has seen for the last 15 years. Added to the Amazon, the Brazilian savanna (Cerrado) faces changes in fire regimes. Climatic changes and the recent weakening of environmental law enforcement are factors, but historic and large-scale trends and drivers of fire regimes must be analyzed. We discuss ecological and policy drivers of recent changes in fire regimes in the Cerrado, in order to highlight management strategies. The Cerrado has evolved with natural fires and anthropogenic fires are also common for millennia. In the past 50 years, wildfires tend to be concentrated in the late dry season and to occur every two / three years, causing serious damage in fire-sensitive vegetation. Apart from climatic variations, the drivers of wildfires are deforestation and fire suppression policies. Nearly half of the original vegetation of the Cerrado biome has disappeared largely due to agribusiness expansion. Fire is associated with deforestation in two ways: vegetation conversion to monocultures, and lack of fire management in the remaining native vegetation. Indeed, the attempts to exclude fires from this fire-prone ecosystem disrupted traditional fire management. Fire suppression policies lead to increased wildfire risks due to fuel load and the multiplication of sources of ignition (conflicts, roads). The recent advances in Integrated Fire Management in protected areas in the Cerrado are evident. However, the recent budget cuts by the Brazilian government in environmental management and research undermine the chances of decreasing occurrences of wildfires in this biodiversity hotspot.

中文翻译：

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巴西大草原的火灾状况：最近的变化、政策和管理

摘要 2019 年，巴西录得南美洲过去 15 年来最高的野火发生率。添加到亚马逊，巴西大草原（塞拉多）面临着火势的变化。气候变化和最近环境执法的削弱是因素，但必须分析火灾状况的历史和大规模趋势和驱动因素。我们讨论了塞拉多火灾制度最近变化的生态和政策驱动因素，以突出管理策略。塞拉多是随着自然火灾演变而来的，而人为火灾也很常见几千年来。近50年来，野火往往集中在旱季后期，每两年/三年发生一次，对火敏植被造成严重破坏。除了气候变化，野火的驱动因素是森林砍伐和灭火政策。由于农业综合企业的扩张，塞拉多生物群落中近一半的原始植被已经消失。火灾以两种方式与森林砍伐有关：植被转变为单一栽培，以及对剩余的原生植被缺乏火灾管理。事实上，将火灾排除在这个易发生火灾的生态系统之外的尝试破坏了传统的火灾管理。由于燃料负荷和点火源（冲突、道路）的增加，灭火政策导致野火风险增加。塞拉多保护区内综合火灾管理的最新进展是显而易见的。然而，