Artificial reefs (ARs) have been used globally to increase fish stocks, especially for local fisheries, but few studies have addressed the seasonal changes in fish attracted to ARs over extended periods. Bottom gillnets were used twice a year (wet versus dry seasons) to investigate how the composition and structure of fishing resources change over seasons during 20 years in the oldest experimental AR complex deployed in Southeastern Brazil. In total, 74 fish species were caught, and Sciaenidae, Carangidae and Ariidae families were the most representative in both numbers and occurrence. Fish abundance, species richness and biomass varied significantly between AR and reference site (RS), with higher values being recorded in the artificial habitats. Generalized additive models and ANOVA showed a gradual transition over time for the fish assemblages associated with the reef complex, indicating an initial phase primarily dominated by estuarine species, followed by an extended period of attraction by reef-associated fish and many species of commercial interest. The season was identified as the most important factor for the development of fish assemblages in the AR complex. Fish abundance increased gradually towards the 14th year after AR deployment and became more variable thereafter, with the stabilization or a abundance decreasing for some species. Our findings reveal that AR might be locally important for commercial species such as Rhizhoprionodon porosus, Macrodon ancylondon and Isopisthus parvipinnis, and highlight the importance of structurally complex structures as a promising strategy to enhance the attraction of fishery resources.

人工鱼礁（ARs）已在全球范围内用于增加鱼类种群，特别是在当地渔业中，但很少有研究针对长时间内被ARs吸引的鱼类的季节性变化。底部刺网每年两次使用（湿季与旱季相比），以调查在巴西东南部最古老的AR捕捞综合体中20年中捕捞资源的组成和结构在整个季节中如何变化。总共捕获了74种鱼类，其中S科，Car科和A科在数量和发生方面都最具代表性。鱼的丰度，物种丰富度和生物量在AR和参考点（RS）之间有显着差异，在人工栖息地中记录的值更高。广义加性模型和方差分析表明，与珊瑚礁群有关的鱼群随着时间的推移逐渐过渡，表明初始阶段主要由河口物种主导，随后由与珊瑚礁相关的鱼类和许多具有商业价值的物种吸引了一段较长的时间。该季节被认为是AR综合体中鱼类群发育的最重要因素。在AR部署后的第14年，鱼类的丰度逐渐增加，此后变化更大，某些物种的稳定度或丰度下降。我们的研究结果表明，增强现实对于诸如 随后，与珊瑚礁相关的鱼类和许多具有商业价值的物种将吸引更多的注意力。该季节被认为是AR综合体中鱼类群发育的最重要因素。在AR部署后的第14年，鱼的丰度逐渐增加，此后变化更大，某些物种的稳定度或丰度下降。我们的研究结果表明，增强现实对于诸如 随后，与珊瑚礁相关的鱼类和许多具有商业价值的物种将吸引更多的注意力。该季节被认为是AR综合体中鱼类群发育的最重要因素。在AR部署后的第14年，鱼类的丰度逐渐增加，此后变化更大，某些物种的稳定度或丰度下降。我们的研究结果表明，增强现实对于诸如Rhizhoprionodon porosus，Macrodon ancylondon和Isopisthus parvipinnis都突出了结构复杂的结构作为提高渔业资源吸引力的有前途的战略的重要性。