Abstract The interaction mechanisms between the lower part of the atmosphere and the ocean surface comprise of a complicated issue with many parameters to be studied. Heat, moisture and momentum exchanges in the air-sea system exert a significant role on both lower atmosphere and sea state conditions. Working towards the understanding of how wave characteristics link the atmosphere with the ocean, an atmospheric model is fully coupled with a wave spectral model. The RAMS/ICLAMS atmospheric model is integrated with the WAM wave spectral model under the OASIS-MCT coupler. The combined modeling system utilizes schemes for ocean surface roughness and sea spray droplet thermodynamics. A series of sensitivity tests related to midlatitude cyclones is performed to examine the associated effects of sea state and sea spray impact on wave conditions and lower atmosphere. Under increased wind conditions, sea drag is enhanced as illustrated in the case of the two-way coupling simulations. In addition, increased values of roughness length were traced in near-shore areas in the case of expressions that employ wave parameters such as the wave age. The magnitude and the role of energy yield from sea water droplets depend on the prevailing weather conditions. Sea spray fluxes are amplified in areas with intensified surface winds that also results in an increase of the total heat fluxes. This induces a moistening of the near surface air, an effect in stability profile and an increase of wind speed. The most noticeable impact on marine layer structure emerged close to the first hundred meters. The study revealed an enrichment of the description of the air-sea system through the transition of information between the different models.

中文翻译：

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海风暴条件下机械和热力学海气界面过程的耦合建模研究

摘要 大气下部与海面的相互作用机制是一个复杂的问题，需要研究的参数很多。海气系统中的热量、水分和动量交换对低层大气和海况条件具有重要作用。为了理解波浪特征如何将大气与海洋联系起来，大气模型与波浪谱模型完全耦合。RAMS/ICLAMS大气模型与OASIS-MCT耦合器下的WAM波谱模型相结​​合。组合建模系统利用海洋表面粗糙度和海浪液滴热力学方案。进行了一系列与中纬度气旋相关的敏感性测试，以检查海况和海浪对波浪条件和低层大气的影响。在风力增加的情况下，如双向耦合模拟的情况所示，海阻力会增强。此外，在使用波浪参数（例如波龄）的表达式的情况下，在近岸区域追踪了粗糙度长度的增加值。海水液滴产生的能量的大小和作用取决于当时的天气条件。海浪通量在地表风增强的区域被放大，这也导致总热通量的增加。这会导致近地表空气变湿，影响稳定性剖面并增加风速。对海洋层结构的最显着影响出现在前一百米附近。该研究揭示了通过不同模型之间的信息转换丰富了对海空系统的描述。