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Physical exercise during exposure to 40-Hz light flicker improves cognitive functions in the 3xTg mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer's Research & Therapy ( IF 8.823 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-20 , DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-00631-4
Sang-Seo Park 1 , Hye-Sang Park 2 , Chang-Ju Kim 1 , Hyun-Sik Kang 3 , Dong-Hyun Kim 3 , Seung-Soo Baek 4 , Tae-Woon Kim 1, 4
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Exercise promotes brain health and improves cognitive functioning in the elderly, while 40-Hz light flickering through the visual cortex reduces amyloid beta (Aβ) by stabilizing gamma oscillation. We examined whether exercise was associated with hippocampus-mediated improvement in cognitive functioning in the 3xTg-Alzheimer's disease (3xTg-AD) murine model following exposure to 40-Hz light flickering and exercise. METHODS We subjected 12-month-old 3xTg-AD mice to exercise and 40-Hz light flickering for 3 months to investigate spatial learning, memory, long-term memory, Aβ levels, tau levels, mitochondrial functioning including Ca2+ retention and H2O2 emission, apoptosis, and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. RESULTS Treatments had a positive effect; however, the combination of exercise and 40-Hz light flickering exposure was most effective in reducing Aβ and tau levels. Reducing Aβ and tau levels by combination of exercise and 40-Hz light flickering improves Ca2+ homeostasis and reactive oxygen species such as H2O2 in mitochondria and apoptosis including bax, bcl-2, cytochrome c, and cleaved caspase-3 and cell death, cell differentiation, and neurogenesis in the 3xTg-AD model of the hippocampus, resulting in improving cognitive impairment such as spatial learning, memory and long term memory. CONCLUSION Our results show that exercising in a 40-Hz light flickering environment may improve cognitive functioning by reducing Aβ and tau levels, thereby enhancing mitochondrial function and neuroplasticity.

中文翻译:

暴露于40 Hz闪烁期间进行体育锻炼可改善阿尔茨海默氏病3xTg小鼠模型的认知功能。

背景技术运动促进老年人的大脑健康并改善认知功能,而通过视皮层闪烁的40 Hz光通过稳定伽玛振荡来降低淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)。我们检查了运动与3xTg-阿尔茨海默氏病(3xTg-AD)鼠模型在40 Hz闪烁和运动后海马介导的认知功能改善是否相关。方法我们对12个月大的3xTg-AD小鼠进行了运动,并以40 Hz的频率闪烁了3个月,以调查其空间学习,记忆,长期记忆,Aβ含量,tau含量,线粒体功能(包括Ca2 +保留和H2O2的释放),凋亡和海马神经发生。结果治疗具有积极作用;然而,运动和40 Hz闪烁曝光的组合对降低Aβ和tau水平最有效。通过运动和40 Hz闪烁的组合来降低Aβ和tau水平,可改善Ca2 +稳态和线粒体中的H2O2等活性氧和诸如bax,bcl-2,细胞色素c和裂解的caspase-3等细胞凋亡以及细胞死亡,细胞分化,以及海马3xTg-AD模型中的神经发生,导致改善认知障碍,例如空间学习,记忆和长期记忆。结论我们的结果表明,在40 Hz的闪烁环境中进行运动可以通过降低Aβ和tau含量来改善认知功能,从而增强线粒体功能和神经可塑性。通过运动和40 Hz闪烁的组合来降低Aβ和tau水平,可改善Ca2 +稳态和线粒体中的H2O2等活性氧和诸如bax,bcl-2,细胞色素c和裂解的caspase-3等细胞凋亡以及细胞死亡,细胞分化,以及海马3xTg-AD模型中的神经发生,从而改善了认知障碍,例如空间学习,记忆和长期记忆。结论我们的结果表明,在40 Hz的闪烁环境中进行运动可以通过降低Aβ和tau含量来改善认知功能,从而增强线粒体功能和神经可塑性。通过运动和40 Hz闪烁的组合来降低Aβ和tau水平,可改善Ca2 +稳态和线粒体中的H2O2等活性氧和诸如bax,bcl-2,细胞色素c和裂解的caspase-3等细胞凋亡以及细胞死亡,细胞分化,以及海马3xTg-AD模型中的神经发生,从而改善了认知障碍,例如空间学习,记忆和长期记忆。结论我们的结果表明,在40 Hz的闪烁环境中进行运动可以通过降低Aβ和tau含量来改善认知功能,从而增强线粒体功能和神经可塑性。和海马3xTg-AD模型中的神经发生,从而改善认知障碍,例如空间学习,记忆和长期记忆。结论我们的结果表明,在40 Hz的闪烁环境中进行运动可以通过降低Aβ和tau含量来改善认知功能,从而增强线粒体功能和神经可塑性。和海马3xTg-AD模型中的神经发生,从而改善认知障碍,例如空间学习,记忆和长期记忆。结论我们的结果表明,在40 Hz的闪烁环境中进行运动可以通过降低Aβ和tau含量来改善认知功能,从而增强线粒体功能和神经可塑性。
更新日期:2020-05-20
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