The water skinks Eulamprus tympanum and E. heatwolei show thermally-induced sex determination where elevated temperatures give rise to male offspring. Paradoxically, Eulamprus species reproduce in temperatures of 12-15 °C making them outliers when compared to reptiles that use temperature as a cue for sex determination. Moreover, these two species are among the very few viviparous reptiles reported to have thermally-induced sex determination. Thus, we tested whether these skinks possess undetected sex chromosomes with thermal override. We produced transcriptome and genome data for E. heatwolei. We found that E. heatwolei present XY chromosomes that include 14 gametologs with regulatory functions. The Y chromosomal region is 79-116 million-years-old and shared between water and spotted skinks. Our work provides clear evidence that climate could be useful to predict the type of sex determination systems in reptiles and it also indicates that viviparity is strictly associated with sex chromosomes.

中文翻译：

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被认为具有温度依赖性性别决定的胎生爬行动物具有旧的XY染色体。

水中的鳞茎Eulamprus鼓膜和E.heatwolei表现出热诱导的性别决定，温度升高会导致雄性后代。自相矛盾的是，与以温度作为性别决定线索的爬行动物相比，欧洲Eulamprus物种在12-15°C的温度下繁殖，因此与众不同。此外，这两个物种是极少数报告称具有热诱导性别决定力的胎生爬行动物之一。因此，我们测试了这些石龙鱼是否具有未检测到的具有热倍率的性染色体。我们产生了大肠杆菌的转录组和基因组数据。我们发现E. heatwolei目前的XY染色体包括具有调节功能的14个配伍物。Y染色体区域存在79-116百万年之久，由水和斑点石龙子共享。