Nitric oxide (NO) is widely recognized as an important transmitter molecule in biological systems, from animals to plants and microbes. However, the role of NO in marine photosynthetic microbes remains unclear and even less is known about the role of this metabolite in Antarctic sea‐ice diatoms. Using a combination of microsensors, microfluidic chambers, and artificial sea‐ice tanks, a basic mechanistic insight into NO's dynamics within the Antarctic sea‐ice diatom Fragilariopsis cylindrus was obtained. Results suggest that NO production in F. cylindrus is nitrite‐dependent via nitrate reductase. NO production was abolished upon exposure to light but could be induced in the light when normal photosynthetic electron flow was disrupted. The addition of exogenous NO to cellular suspensions of F. cylindrus negatively influenced growth, disrupted photosynthesis, and altered non‐photochemical dissipation mechanisms. NO production was also observed when cells were exposed to stressful salinity and temperature regimes. These results suggest that during periods of environmental stress, NO could be produced in F. cylindrus as a “stress signa” molecule.

中文翻译：

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一氧化氮在南极海冰硅藻Fragilariopsis cylindrus中的产生及其作用的见解。

一氧化氮（NO）被广泛认为是从动物到植物和微生物的生物系统中的重要递质分子。但是，NO在海洋光合作用微生物中的作用仍不清楚，甚至对这种代谢物在南极海冰硅藻中的作用所知甚少。通过结合使用微传感器，微流体室和人工海冰罐，可以对南极海冰硅藻Fragilariopsis cylindrus中的NO动力学进行基本的机械分析。结果表明，在F. cylindrus中没有产生通过硝酸还原酶依赖于亚硝酸盐。暴露在光下不会消除NO的产生，但是当正常的光合作用电子流被破坏时，可能会在光中诱导NO的产生。外源NO加入到F.cylindrus细胞悬浮液中会负面影响生长，破坏光合作用并改变非光化学耗散机制。当细胞暴露于压力盐度和温度条件下时，也未观察到NO产生。这些结果表明，在环境胁迫期间，可能在圆柱状镰刀菌中产生“胁迫信号”分子的NO 。