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Hepatic lipid droplet homeostasis and fatty liver disease.
Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology ( IF 7.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.04.011
Fabian Seebacher 1 , Anja Zeigerer 2 , Nora Kory 3 , Natalie Krahmer 4
Affiliation  

In cells, lipids are stored in lipid droplets, dynamic organelles that adapt their size, abundance, lipid and protein composition and organelle interactions to metabolic changes. Lipid droplet accumulation in the liver is the hallmark of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Due to the prevalence of obesity, the strongest risk factor for steatosis, NAFLD and its associated complications are currently affecting more than 1 billion people worldwide. Here, we review how triglyceride and phospholipid homeostasis are regulated in hepatocytes and how imbalances between lipid storage, degradation and lipoprotein secretion lead to NAFLD. We discuss how organelle interactions are altered in NAFLD and provide insights how NAFLD progression is associated with changes in hepatocellular signaling and organ-crosstalk. Finally, we highlight unsolved questions in hepatic LD and lipoprotein biology and give an outlook on therapeutic options counteracting hepatic lipid accumulation.



中文翻译:

肝脏脂滴稳态和脂肪肝疾病。

在细胞中,脂质储存在脂滴中,这是一种动态细胞器,可根据代谢变化调整其大小、丰度、脂质和蛋白质组成以及细胞器相互作用。肝脏中的脂滴积聚是非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD) 的标志。由于肥胖症(脂肪变性的最强风险因素)、NAFLD 及其相关并发症的流行,目前全世界有超过 10 亿人受到影响。在这里,我们回顾了肝细胞中甘油三酯和磷脂稳态是如何调节的,以及脂质储存、降解和脂蛋白分泌之间的不平衡如何导致 NAFLD。我们讨论了 NAFLD 中细胞器相互作用是如何改变的,并提供了 NAFLD 进展如何与肝细胞信号传导和器官串扰的变化相关的见解。最后,

更新日期:2020-05-20
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