Abstract The airway/lung mechanics is usually represented with nonlinear 0-D models based on a pneumatic-electrical analogy. The aim of this work is to provide a detailed description of the human respiratory mechanics in healthy and diseased conditions. The model used for this purpose employs some known constitutive functions of the main components of the respiratory system. We give a detailed mathematical description of these functions and subsequently derive additional key ones. We are interested not only in the main output such as airflow at the mouth or alveolar pressure and volume, but also in other quantities such as resistance and pressure drop across each element of the system and even recoil and compliance of the chest wall. Pathological conditions are simulated by altering the parameters of the constitutive functions. Results show that increased upper airway resistance induces airflow reduction with concomitant narrowing of volume and pressure ranges without affecting lung compliance. Instead, increased elastic recoil leads to low volumes and decreased lung compliance. The model could be used in the study of the interaction between respiratory and cardiovascular systems in pathophysiological conditions.

中文翻译：

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正常人类呼吸中气道/肺力学的计算机研究

摘要 气道/肺力学通常用基于气动-电气类比的非线性零维模型来表示。这项工作的目的是提供健康和患病条件下人体呼吸力学的详细描述。用于此目的的模型采用了呼吸系统主要部件的一些已知的本构函数。我们对这些函数进行了详细的数学描述，并随后推导出其他关键函数。我们不仅对主要输出感兴趣，例如口腔气流或肺泡压力和体积，还对其他量感兴趣，例如系统每个元件的阻力和压降，甚至胸壁的反冲和顺应性。通过改变本构函数的参数来模拟病理条件。结果表明，上气道阻力增加会导致气流减少，同时体积和压力范围缩小，而不会影响肺顺应性。相反，增加的弹性回缩会导致容量减少和肺顺应性降低。该模型可用于研究病理生理条件下呼吸系统和心血管系统之间的相互作用。