Background

Staphylococcus aureus has been constantly emerging with newer drug resistance patterns; vancomycin intermediate S. aureus (VISA) and vancomycin resistant S. aureus (VRSA) being recent entries. Hence the growing quest for newer antibiotics has entered the realm of the plants as they are less explored and usually have negligible side effects. Although a number of medicinal plants are being used traditionally, their spectrum and mechanism of action are not completely deciphered.

Objectives

To evaluate the aqueous (the traditionally administered extract) and acetone/ethanol (organic solvents with the highest capacity to extract phytoconstituents) extracts of ten medicinal plants traditionally used to treat respiratory infections in south India for antibacterial activity against S. aureus.

Methods

The antibacterial activity against S. aureus standard strain was evaluated by the broth dilution method. The extracts exhibiting antibacterial activity were further validated using 50 S. aureus isolates by the broth dilution and agar diffusion methods.

Results

Only Anisochilus carnosus acetone extract (ACace; MIC-0.33 ± 0.14 mg/mL) exhibited significant antibacterial activity, and its zone diameter break points were determined. The sensitivity of the 50 S. aureus clinical isolates to ACace (72 %) was comparable to methicillin (68 %), linezolid (94 %) and clindamycin (82 %). Additionally, ACace, inhibited majority of the MRSA (87.5 %), VISA (70 %) and VRSA (83 %) isolates.

Conclusion

This is the first study to report the antibacterial potential of a novel candidate, ACace against S. aureus, evaluate its inhibitory effect on clinical isolates including drug-resistant strains and highlight the importance of zone diameter break points for the evaluation of medicinal plant extracts.

中文翻译：

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鉴定和评估肉食无足动物壁（L. fil。）。作为具有抗多药耐药金黄色葡萄球菌治疗潜力的新型候选药物

背景

金黄色葡萄球菌已经以新的耐药模式不断出现。万古霉素中间体金黄色葡萄球菌（VISA）和耐万古霉素的金黄色葡萄球菌（VRSA）是最近的条目。因此，对新型抗生素的日益增长的需求已进入植物领域，因为它们的开发较少，且副作用通常可忽略不计。尽管传统上使用了许多药用植物，但它们的作用谱和作用机理尚未完全被破译。

目标

为评估印度南部传统上用于治疗呼吸道感染的十种药用植物对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性，其水提取物（传统上使用的提取物）和丙酮/乙醇（提取植物成分的能力最高的有机溶剂）提取物。

方法

通过肉汤稀释法评价对金黄色葡萄球菌标准菌株的抗菌活性。通过肉汤稀释和琼脂扩散法，使用50株金黄色葡萄球菌分离物进一步证实了具有抗菌活性的提取物。

结果

仅Anisochilus carnosus丙酮提取物（ACace； MIC-0.33±0.14 mg / mL）显示出显着的抗菌活性，并确定了其区域直径断裂点。50株金黄色葡萄球菌临床分离株对ACace（72％）的敏感性与甲氧西林（68％），利奈唑胺（94％）和克林霉素（82％）相当。此外，ACace抑制了大多数MRSA（87.5％），VISA（70％）和VRSA（83％）分离株。

结论

这是第一项报道新型候选药物ACace对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌潜力，评估其对临床分离株（包括耐药菌株）的抑制作用的研究，并强调了区域直径断点对评估药用植物提取物的重要性。