In this paper, the effect of direct evaporative cooling (DEC) system design parameters, including the cooling pad saturation efficiency, the airflow rate, and the thermostat set-points on the system electricity and water consumption, is evaluated in four different climates of Iran according to Köppen-Geiger classification. EnergyPlus is used to perform the simulations for a typical residential apartment. The results show that using pads with a 30% higher saturation efficiency can significantly decrease the electricity and water consumption by up to 50.0% and 29.6%, respectively, because of the working time reduction. The maximum impact is in Esfahan city in cold desert climate as its wet-bulb temperature is lower than other investigated climates. Besides, increasing the airflow rate from 3000 m³/h to 6000 m³/h leads to 43.4%–55.2% reduction in electricity consumption in different climates, although the water consumption increases by 20.5%–58.8%. According to the results, by using the DEC system with 80% saturation efficiency and 6000 m³/h airflow rate, the average indoor relative humidity and CO₂ concentration is 42.3%–48.5%, and 450 ppm–470 ppm, respectively, in different climates, which can provide acceptable indoor air quality. Increasing the saturation efficiency or decreasing the airflow rate increases the indoor relative humidity and CO₂ concentration. The results are also compared with a typical packaged terminal air conditioner (PTAC). The total hours when the indoor relative humidity is out of comfort zone in the DEC system, with 60% saturation efficiency, are about 92% lower than the PTAC system, on average. Moreover, with 24/26 °C thermostat set-points, the PTAC system consumes 234%–265% more electricity than the DEC one with 80% saturation efficiency in different climates.

本文在伊朗的四种不同气候下，评估了直接蒸发冷却（DEC）系统设计参数（包括冷却垫饱和效率，气流速率和恒温器设定点）对系统电力和水消耗的影响。根据Köppen-Geiger分类。EnergyPlus用于执行典型住宅公寓的模拟。结果表明，由于减少了工作时间，使用饱和效率提高30％的垫板可分别将电力和水消耗分别降低50.0％和29.6％。最大的影响是在寒冷的沙漠气候下的伊斯法罕市，因为其湿球温度低于其他调查的气候。此外，将风量从3000 m ³ / h增加到6000 m³ / h导致不同气候下的电力消耗减少43.4％–55.2％，尽管水消耗增加了20.5％–58.8％。根据结果​​，使用具有80％饱和效率和6000 m ³ / h气流速率的DEC系统，在室内，平均室内相对湿度和CO ₂浓度分别为42.3％–48.5％和450 ppm–470 ppm。不同的气候，可以提供可接受的室内空气质量。增加饱和效率或减少气流速率会增加室内相对湿度和CO ₂浓度。还将结果与典型的打包式终端空调（PTAC）进行比较。在DEC系统中，室内相对湿度超出舒适区的总时数（具有60％的饱和效率）比PTAC系统平均低约92％。此外，在24/26°C恒温器设定点的情况下，PTAC系统比DEC能耗高234％–265％，而在不同气候下，DECAC系统的饱和效率为80％。