Sustainable post-disaster recovery implies learning from past experience in order to prevent recreating forms of vulnerability. Memory construction supports both the healing process and redevelopment plans. Hence, memory of disaster results from the balance between remembering, forgetting, and absencing elements of the disaster, and can be both a tool and an obstacle to sustainable recovery. We explore here how collective memory is built in a post-disaster context to respond to the needs of this critical period, and how it shapes recovery. This ethnographic study, conducted between 2015 and 2017, explores the recovery processes in Montserrat, a small Caribbean island affected by an extended volcanic crisis from 1995 to 2010. Although this study does not give tangible solutions for disaster risk reduction in a post-disaster context, it highlights potential obstacles for learning from a disaster and how they may be surmounted. We argue that it is crucial to acknowledge evolving collective memory in order to implement effective measures for preserving and sharing a shared understanding of disaster across generations and social groups in a way that supports disaster risk awareness. We also maintain that acknowledging the dilemma faced by authorities and disaster management agencies during a period of conflicting needs may encourage the reconsideration of risk framing, and hence reveal how to improve implementation of disaster risk reduction measures.

中文翻译：

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在灾难后恢复过程中记住，忘记和避免灾难

可持续的灾后恢复意味着要从过去的经验中学到东西，以防止重新形成脆弱性形式。内存构造支持恢复过程和重建计划。因此，对灾难的记忆源于对灾难要素的记住，遗忘和逃避之间的平衡，既可以成为可持续恢复的工具，也可以成为障碍。我们在这里探索在灾难后的环境中如何建立集体记忆来应对这一关键时期的需求，以及它如何影响恢复。这项民族志研究于2015年至2017年进行，探讨了蒙特塞拉特岛（蒙特塞拉特）的恢复过程，蒙特塞拉特岛是1995年至2010年间遭受火山爆发危机影响的加勒比小岛。尽管该研究报告并未提供切实的解决方案来减轻灾后的灾难风险，它突出显示了从灾难中学习的潜在障碍以及如何克服这些障碍。我们认为，必须承认不断发展的集体记忆，以便采取有效措施，以支持灾害风险意识的方式，保存和分享各代人和社会群体对灾害的共同理解。我们还坚持认为，认识到当局和灾难管理机构在需求冲突期间面临的困境可能会鼓励重新考虑风险框架，从而揭示如何改善减少灾害风险措施的实施。我们认为，必须承认不断发展的集体记忆，以便采取有效措施，以支持灾害风险意识的方式，保存和分享各代人和社会群体对灾害的共同理解。我们还坚持认为，认识到当局和灾难管理机构在需求冲突期间面临的困境可能会鼓励重新考虑风险框架，从而揭示如何改善减少灾害风险措施的实施。我们认为，必须承认不断发展的集体记忆，以便采取有效措施，以支持灾害风险意识的方式，保存和分享各代人和社会群体对灾害的共同理解。我们还坚持认为，认识到当局和灾难管理机构在需求冲突期间面临的困境可能会鼓励重新考虑风险框架，从而揭示如何改善减少灾害风险措施的实施。